21st CENTURY MOD.1

What is the historical significance of poetry in Filipino culture?

Poetry has been an integral part of Filipino culture since pre-Hispanic times, with various forms such as awit (songs), bugtong (riddles), and salawikain (proverbs).

What are the two major pre-Hispanic poetic forms in the Philippines?

The two major pre-Hispanic poetic forms are the bugtong (riddle) and the salawikain (proverb).

What is the bugtong?

The bugtong is a riddle that uses talinghaga (metaphor) to convey its answer.

What is the significance of the salawikain?

Salawikain are proverbs that express wisdom or beliefs important to Filipino society, typically in a metrical format.

What is an epiko?

An epiko is a long, episodic, chanted poem that tells stories about legendary heroes and their adventures, often involving supernatural elements.

How did the arrival of Spanish colonizers affect Philippine poetry?

The Spanish suppressed existing literary traditions and replaced them with religious themes, shifting the focus to poems about saints and Christianity.

What are the ' illustrados' in the context of Philippine poetry?

The 'illustrados' were educated Filipinos, like Jose Rizal, who wrote about a growing national identity despite colonial suppression of traditional poetry.

How did American colonization influence Philippine poetry?

American colonization introduced a new educational system and literary movements like free verse and New Criticism, diversifying poetic forms.

What is a salawikain?

Salawikain are Filipino proverbs that provide practical observations and philosophies about life, often employing a rhyming scheme.

What role do folk songs play in Filipino culture?

Folk songs are informal expressions of life experiences, covering themes such as courtship, lullabies, and various rituals.

What themes do corridos typically cover?

Corridos are legendary narratives that detail the lives of saints or the history of traditions.

What is a pasyon?

A pasyon is a narrative poem about the life of Jesus Christ, typically sung during the Lenten season.

What does the term zarsuela refer to?

Zarsuela refers to musical comedies or melodramas from the Spanish era that depict fundamental human passions.