ap human geo: chapter 5

Mobility

All types of movement from one location to another.

Circulation

Repetitive movements that happen on a regular, temporary basis.

Human Migration

The permanent movement from one place to another.

Emigration

The movement away from a location.

Immigration

The movement to a location.

Net Migration

The difference between emigration and immigration.

Gravity Model

A model derived from Newton’s Gravity Model that predicts the interaction between two or more places.

Push Factor

A reason for someone to leave the region.

Pull Factor

A reason for someone to come to the region.

Voluntary Migration

When people choose to move to a new place.

Forced Migration

When someone moves because of factors that make the region unsuitable for their tastes or dangerous.

Transnational Migration

When people have strong ties to their place of origin and return regularly to visit.

Internal Migration

When migration occurs inside a nation's borders.

Friction of Distance

The farther a person travels, the more effort, time, and money it will cost.

Transhumance

A form of circulation practiced by nomads who move to higher pastures in the summer and lower pastures in the winter for their hurds.

Chain Migration

Immigrants who follow other immigrants from their country of origin and are therefore eased into their new country,

Step Migration

A series of steps in movement taken by immigrants to move to their country of choice.

Intervening Obstacle

An occurrence that causes migrants to stop.

Intervening Opportunity

An occurrence that causes migrants to pause their journeys.

Guest Workers

Migrants who travel to new countries to serve as temporary workers.

Circular Migration

When migrants move back and forth from different countries and work as guest workers.

Refugees

People who are forced to leave their country due to dangerous circumstances.

Internally displaced persons

People who had to leave their homes but stay within their countries borders.

Human Trafficking

A modern form of slavery.

Repatriate

Refugees being able to return to their country of origin.

Interregional Migration

Migration from one region to another in a country.

Intraregional Migration

Movement inside one region of a country.

Quotas

Limits on the number of immigrants allowed in a country each year.

Kinship Links

A network of relatives and friends that creates a chain that people follow into new countries.

Skills Gap

A shortage of people trained for a particular job.

Remittances

Money sent back that is earned by emigrants.

Brain Drain

The loss of intelligent and educated people that go to richer countries.

Relocation Diffusion

The spread of cultures and traits by immigration.