Ch. 19 - JFK and LBJ

John F. Kennedy

President from 1961-1963

Richard Nixon

Republican candidate for president in the 1960 election

Fidel Castro

communist leader of Cuba from 1959 to 2008

Bay of Pigs invasion

fail attempt by U.S.-backed Cuban rebels to overthrow the communist government of their nation

Cuban Missile Crisis

stand-off between the U.S. and Soviet Union over the placement of nuclear missiles in Cuba

Nikita Khrushchev

leader of the Soviet Union from 1953 to 1964

Berlin Wall

built in 1961, barrier separating West Berlin from East Berlin in an effort to prevent the migration of skilled workers from East to West

hotline

direct telephone communication, such as that between the Whitehouse and the Kremlin

Space race

competition to put humans into orbit and on the moon

Deficit spending

situation when expenditures are greater than revenues

Peace Corps

policy enacted by JFK to send volunteers to developing nations

Lyndon B. Johnson

President from 1963-1969

Great Society

LBJ's programs to reduce poverty and bring about other social changes

War on Poverty

federal actions taken in the 1960s to raise incomes for poor Americans

Medicare

federally funded health care for the elderly

Medicaid

federally funded health care for the poor

Head Start

preschool program for children from low income families

Immigration and Nationality Act of 1965

law that eliminated the old quota system and set general limits for the number of immigrants

Earl Warren

Chief Justice of the United States from 1953 to 1969

Warren court

name given to the Supreme Court during the 1950s and 60s when many decisions were made guaranteeing due process rights

Brown v. Board of Education

court case decision in which school desegregation was declared unconstitutional

Reapportionment

a change in the number of legislative seats assigned to each state