Review

What were the major long-distance trade routes from 600 C.E. to 1450 C.E.?

Silk Roads, Indian Ocean Trade, Trans-Saharan Trade.

What geographical areas did the Silk Roads link?

East Asia and the Mediterranean Sea across Eurasia.

How did the Mongol Empire impact trade during the 13th Century?

Mongol conquests decreased bandit attacks and tribute collection, encouraging trade.

What technological advancements facilitated Indian Ocean trade from 1200-1450?

Development of the lateen sail, dhow ships, and improved knowledge of monsoon winds.

What political changes resulted from Indian Ocean trade?

Rise of new states and port cities like the Swahili city-states and Malacca.

What cultural changes occurred due to trade in the Indian Ocean?

Spread of religions such as Islam and Hinduism to Southeast Asia.

What is the significance of the Hajj in the context of Indian Ocean travel?

It was a pilgrimage that bound diverse communities to a common tradition.

By 1250 C.E., who dominated the Trans-Saharan trade?

Muslim merchants.

What key commodity did Sub-Saharan Africa export during Trans-Saharan trade?

Gold.

What innovations helped develop the Trans-Saharan trade network?

Use of camels and establishment of caravanserai.

What characterized the political structure of the Mongol Empire after Genghis Khan's death?

Fragmentation into khanates.

What policy did the Mongol Empire maintain regarding the Silk Road?

They reestablished the Silk Road between East Asia and Europe.

What maritime activities did China engage in during the 15th century?

Extensive maritime trade beyond their borders.

Who led the notable expeditions on the Indian Ocean in the early 1400s?

Admiral Zheng He.

What was a significant example of cross-cultural exchange between Indian, Arab, and European societies by 1200 C.E.?

Transfer of knowledge of numerals and the decimal system.

What technological and scientific concepts spread from South Asia due to increased trade networks?

Decimal system and the concept of zero.

What was the Black Death, and when did it occur?

A pandemic that spread across Eurasia, particularly noted between 1349-1352.

How did the Black Death impact urban populations from 1200-1400 C.E.?

It greatly reduced urban populations, particularly in the Middle East/North Africa/Central Asia.

What skills are necessary for map review regarding trade routes?

Identifying Silk Roads and Indian Ocean routes, Mongol Empire extent, and Trans-Saharan Trade cities.

Which empire is associated with significant developments in trade during the period of 600 C.E. to 1450 C.E.?

The Mongol Empire.