Respiratory System

Respiration affects all conditions except ________.

A) Blood levels of carbon dioxide

B) Venous return of blood

C) Blood K+ levels

D) Blood levels of oxygen.

C) Blood K+ levels

lower respiratory tract

trachea and air passageways

Which are parts of the conducting portion of the respiratory system?

A) Alveoli

B) Primary bronchi

C) Trachea

D) Pharynx

B) Primary bronchi

C) Trachea

D) Pharynx

The respiratory portion of the lungs is composed of which structures?

A) Alveolar ducts

B) Respiratory bronchioles

C) Terminal bronchiole

D) Alveoli

A) Alveolar ducts

B) Respiratory bronchioles

D) Alveoli

Which is not part of the upper respiratory system?

A) Nose

B) Larynx

C) Pharynx

D) Nasal cavity

E) All are a part of the upper respiratory system

E

Bronchodilation results when the smooth muscle of the bronchioles _________.

Relaxes

The secondary bronchi that branch off the primary bronchi are also called ______ bronchi.

Lobar

The small openings in the walls between adjacent alveoli are called _______ ______.

Alveolar pores.

The _____ is a highly branched system of air conducting passages that originates from the left and right primary bronchi and progressively branches into narrower tubes ending in terminal bronchioles.

A) Bronchial tree

B) Larynx

C) Alveolar ducts

D) Trachea.

A) Bronchial tree.

The predominant alveolar cell is an alveolar ______ cell.

A) Type I

B) Type II

C) Surfactant

D) Type III

A) Type I

Which might require a tracheotomy?

A) Difficulty breathing due to severe chest wall injury

B) An upper airway obstruction

C) A lower airway obstruction

D) Respiratory disease.

A) Difficulty breathing due to severe chest wall injury

B) An upper airway obstruction

D) Respiratory Disease

Which drugs are useful in treating asthma?

A) Bronchoconstrictors

B) Allergy shots

C) Inhaled steroids

D) Oral steroids

B) Allergy shots

C) Inhaled steroids

D) Oral steroids

The right lung has ______ tertiary bronchi and the left lung has ______ tertiary bronchi.

A) 8-10, 10

B) 8, 10

C) 10, 8-10

D) 8-10, 8

C) 10, 8-10

At the level of the sternal angle, the trachea bifurcates into right and left _____ _____ .

Main bronchi.

The smallest respiratory bronchioles are subdivided into thin airways called _____ _____.

Alveolar ducts.

Alveolar type II cells secrete _____ _____.

Pulmonary surfactant.

Which are symptoms of asthma?

A) Shortness of breath

B) Wheezing

C) Bronchodilation

D) Coughing

A) Shortness of breath

B) Wheezing

D) Coughing

The respiratory membrane is the thin wall between the alveolar lumen and the ______.

A) Lymph

B) Respiratory bronchiole

C) Blood

D) Alveolar duct

C) Blood.

Which are found in the walls of bronchioles?

A) Small plates of cartilage

B) Rings of cartilage

C) Smooth muscle

D) Large plates of cartilage

C) Smooth muscle

Which characteristics are shared among all the bronchi?

A) All bronchi are lined with simple columnar epithelium

B)The amount of cartilage decreases as the bronchi decrease in diameter

C) A complete ring of smooth muscle is found between the mucosa and the cartilage

D) The epithelium changes from pseudo-stratified ciliated columnar to ciliated columnar as the bronchi get smaller.

B) The amount of cartilage decreases as the bronchi decrease in diameter

C) A complete ring of smooth muscle is found between the mucosa and the cartilage

D) The epithelium changes from pseudo-stratified ciliated columnar to ciliated columnar as the bronchi get smaller.

The trachea is part of the

The terminal bronchioles conduct air into the _____ bronchioles.

Respiratory.

Alveoli has a unique shape, best described as _____.

A) Square

B) Hexagonal

C) Triangular

D) Circular

B) Hexagonal

Dust cells are also called ______.

A) Alveolar type I cells

B) Alveolar type II cells

C) Alveolar macrophages

C) Alveolar macrophages

The respiratory bronchioles and alveolar ducts contain small out pockets called _______.

Alveoli

The mucosa lining the trachea is made of what type of tissue?

A) Stratified cuboidal epithelium

B) Pseudo-stratified ciliated columnar epithelium

C) Simple columnar epithelium

B) Pseudo-stratified ciliated columnar epithelium

The bronchioles are no longer lined with pseudo-stratified ciliated columnar epithelium as the bronchi are lined with _____ epithelium.

A) Simple squamous

B) Simple columnar

C) Pseudo-stratified

B) Simple columnar

The ______ primary bronchus enters the lung more vertically and is wider and shorter than the other one.

A) Left

B) Right

B) Right

Inflammation of the bronchi caused by a virus or bacterial infection is called ______.

Bronchitis.

the lungs contain approx. ______ alveoli.

A) 300 - 400

B) 300 - 400 million

C) 300 - 400 thousand

B) 300 - 400 million

The alveoli have thin walls specialised to promote diffusion of gases between the alveolus and the _____.

A) Alveolar ducts

B) Capillaries

C) Respiratory bronchioles

B) Capillaries

True or false: Primary bronchi have less cartilage than tertiary bronchi.

False.

choose all that are functions of the respiratory system

exchange of o2, allows air passage, detection of odors, sound production, conditions inhaled air

larynx

voicebox

mucous membrane

composed of an epithelium and lamina propria that lines the body tracts (e.g., respiratory) that open to the external environment.

Laryngeal inlet

superior opening of the larynx