foods and nutrition q1

Tbsp or T stands for

tablespoon

example of an ingredient you would pack into a measuring cup

brown sugar

4 steps of food safety

clean, separate, cook, chill

what is the danger zone range? What is it?

40-140 d F. The range that bacteria grows the best in

ex. of cross contamination

using the same cutting board for raw meat and vegetables

one function of lipids in the body

used by the body to store energy and protect vital organs+insulation

where does protein chemical digestion begin

stomach

name a food group you would find vitamins in

fruits and vegetables

3 accessory

pancreas, liver, gallbladder

what controls the flow between organs and acts as a valve to keep things in or out?

sphincters

main function of carbohydrates

bodys main source of energy

3 examples of complex carbohyrdrates

kalo, bread, pasta

what organ is responsible for controlling blood glucose levels?

liver

role fiber plays on stool time and weight

Faster passing time and heavier stool

role of hormones responsible for glucose

insulin-fed hormone thats released when glucose enters the bloodstream-regulates blood sugar

glucagon- fasting hormone- released when blood glucose levels are low

what disaccharide is found in fruits

sucrose

what makes someone lactose intolerant

they dont make the enzyme lactase to break down lactose

what monosaccharide would you find in bread

glucose

what are the 3 disaccharides

lactose, maltose, sucrose

explain the digestion and absoption process of carbs

eat starch-salivary amylase in the mouth-pancreatic amylase in the small intestine-enzymes on intestinal surface-monosaccharides are transported to the liver for immediate use-excess monosaccharides stored as glycogen

incomplete protein

a protein missing 1 or more essential amino acids(beans, vegetalbes, grains, nuts) and does not have all 9 aa

list one function of proteins in the body

growth of kids, muscles, bones
maintain bodyʻs health

repair body

hormones

regulates body processes

enzymes

digest food

antibodies

defense against harmful virus and bacteria

which is low quality protein. Kalua pig or ulu

ʻulu

2 examples of people who require higher protein needs

pregnant, elderly, athletes

example of complementary protein

beans and grains

vegetables and grains

nuts and vegetables

beans and nuts

How many calories do non-digestible carbohydrates provide? 

0

Give me an example of a simple carbohydrate

candy, soda, donut

How many calories do carbohydrates provide?

4kcal/g

Where does carbohydrate digestion begin?

mouth

excess carbs can be stored as

fat

Which monosaccharide do we use in the body for energy?

glucose

Where are monsaccharides absorbed in the body?

small intestine

Which hormone is known as the “fed hormone”

insuline

What monosaccharides are found in added sugar?

fructose and glucose

Which disaccharide is found in bread?

maltose

Refined grains only contain which part of the grain? 

endosperm

fasting hormone

glucagon

ex of a whole grain

oatmeal, quinoa

Which organ releases the major hormones that regulate glucose levels?

pancrease

rda for carbs

130g/d

Post-contact diets have changed from a high-fiber complex carbohydrate diet to a ______ Western-style diet.

low fiber

Give me one example of a fiber source?

fruit/veggie

True or False:

Carbohydrates are digested in the stomach

false