Information Systems CLEP Exam Vocabulary Flashcards

A set of vocabulary flashcards based on the Information Systems CLEP exam study material covering software, hardware, networks, systems development, and data concepts.

Virtual Private Network (VPN)

A network technology that allows secure transmission of data over an unsecured public network link between private networks.

Electronic Data Interchange (EDI)

A process that allows one company to send information to another company electronically rather than with paper.

Input Device

A device that puts data and controls into the computer.

Operating System

Software whose principal function is to provide an interface between the hardware and the application software.

Trademark

A unique symbol or attachment of the letters TM used by a business to identify and differentiate a product's brand.

Data Integrity

The measure of accuracy, completeness, and currency of data.

HTML

The special formatting language used to create Web pages.

Parallel Implementation

A method of system implementation that requires both the previous system and the new system to perform identical tasks at the same time.

Chief Technology Officer (CTO)

The title of the person in an IT workforce who recommends enterprise-wide upgrades of computer hardware.

Object-Oriented Programming (OOP)

Programming centered around creating objects that contain both data and functions, allowing objects to be used or modified for future applications.

Procedural Programming

Programming centered around writing procedures or functions that perform operations on data.

Ergonomics

The science of incorporating human comfort, efficiency, and safety into the design of the human-machine interface.

Streaming

The downloading of live video, audio, or animation in a manner that allows the user to begin accessing the content before the download is complete.

Worm

A program that replicates itself repeatedly, using up system resources.

Open-Source Software

Software whose source code is freely available and is copyrighted.

Distributed Database

A database whose data are scattered across several physical servers.

Platform as a Service (PaaS)

A cloud-based service model that supports application development and deployment.

Knowledge Management Software

Software designed to facilitate organizational learning.

Unit Testing

The testing of individual modules within a software system.

Metadata

Data about data.

Drill-Down Analysis

A problem-solving technique that allows users to start with high-level information and then select more specific, lower-level details.

Packets

Small blocks of data created by dividing a large block of data before transmission over a network.

Prototyping

A system development method where developers quickly create a version of a system and iteratively revise it based on user feedback until approved.

Document Imaging

An information technology process used to produce documents that are duplicate digital copies of a paper document.

VoIP (Voice over Internet Protocol)

A technology that converts analog voice calls into data packets to enable voice communication over the Internet rather than the public switched network.

Relational Data Model

A data model that uses two-dimensional tables to represent data structures.

Project Management

The components of planning, scheduling, and overseeing the development of a new information system.

Net Neutrality

The principle that all Internet traffic will be treated equally and organizations are prohibited from charging more for faster transmission based on content.

Transaction Processing System (TPS)

A system that accesses and updates a database to keep track of operational events, such as ticket sales.

Wide Area Network (WAN)

A type of network used to link geographically separated locations, such as a headquarters with multiple branch offices across a state.

Push Technology

Technology where a website automatically downloads data or files to a computer whenever new data are available or at scheduled intervals.

What-If Analysis

The process of using a spreadsheet to try out alternatives to assist with decision making.

Authentication

The process through which a user is verified and validated to access a computer network or system.

Data Redundancy

The storage of identical data in multiple locations.

Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP)

Software containing applications that automate business functions like production, sales quoting, and accounting.