Bones of the Lower Limb Flashcards

Vocabulary flashcards defining the major bones, anatomical divisions, and specific features of the pelvic girdle and lower limb based on the lecture material.

Pelvic girdle

The structural unit composed of the ossa coxae and sacrum.

Os coxae

The hip bone composed of three fused sections: the ilium, ischium, and pubis.

Femur

The thigh bone featuring landmarks such as the femoral head, neck, greater trochanter, lesser trochanter, and linea aspera.

Patella

The kneecap bone featuring a base, apex, and articular facets for the medial and lateral femoral condyles.

Tibia

The medial bone of the leg containing the intercondylar eminence, tibial tuberosity, soleal line, and medial malleolus.

Fibula

The lateral bone of the leg featuring a head and lateral malleolus.

Tarsals

The 7 bones of the foot comprising the talus, calcaneus, navicular, cuboid, medial cuneiform, intermediate cuneiform, and lateral cuneiform.

Metatarsals

The group of 5 bones located in the foot between the tarsals and phalanges.

Phalanges

The 14 bones forming the toes, categorized into proximal, middle, and distal segments.

Ilium

The superior region of the os coxae containing the iliac crest, ala, iliac fossa, and arcuate line.

Ischium

The posterior and inferior region of the os coxae consisting of the ischial body, ischial spine, ischial tuberosity, and ischial ramus.

Pubis

The anterior region of the os coxae containing the pubic body, pubic tubercle, superior ramus, and inferior ramus.

Obturator foramen

The large opening in the os coxae formed by the ischium and pubis.

Greater sciatic notch

A large indentation on the posterior surface of the os coxae superior to the ischial spine.

Lesser sciatic notch

An indentation on the posterior surface of the ischium inferior to the ischial spine.

Linea aspera

A longitudinal ridge located on the posterior surface of the shaft of the femur.

Intercondylar fossa

A deep depression located on the posterior surface of the distal femur between the medial and lateral condyles.

Medial malleolus

The large process on the distal medial aspect of the tibia.

Lateral malleolus

The process forming the outer prominence of the ankle at the distal end of the fibula.

Interosseous membrane

The fibrous sheet of connective tissue located between the shafts of the tibia and fibula.

False pelvis

The superior anatomical region of the pelvis located above the plane of the pelvic brim.

True pelvis

The inferior anatomical region of the pelvis located below the plane of the pelvic brim.