Midterm Exam Review Notes

These flashcards cover key concepts related to human anatomy, physiology, and pathology as outlined in the lecture notes.

Chemical Level

The organization of atoms and molecules.

Tissue Level

The organization of similar cells that perform a common function.

Pathology

The study of disease.

Anterior

The front of the body.

Inferior

Below or towards the feet.

Medial

Toward the midline of the body.

Dorsal Cavity

The body cavity that includes the brain and spinal cord.

Diaphragm

The muscular sheet that separates the thoracic cavity from the abdominopelvic cavity.

Proton

Positively charged particle in the nucleus of an atom.

Electron

Negatively charged particle that orbits the nucleus of an atom.

Triglyceride

A type of fat formed by glycerol and three fatty acids.

Nucleotide

The functional unit of DNA, made up of a phosphate group, a sugar, and a nitrogen base.

Organelle

Specialized structures within the cytoplasm of a cell.

Mitochondria

The powerhouse of the cell, responsible for energy production.

Goblet Cells

Cells that secrete mucus, found in simple columnar epithelium.

Exocrine glands

Glands that secrete their products into ducts.

Endocrine glands

Glands that secrete hormones directly into the bloodstream.

Alveoli

Tiny air sacs in the lungs where gas exchange occurs.

Primary Digestive Organs

Organs that form the alimentary canal such as the mouth, esophagus, stomach, and intestines.

Neoplasms

The scientific term for tumors.

Epidemic

A disease affecting a large number of people in a specific area.

Inflammation

The body's response to injury or infection, causing blood vessels to dilate and increase permeability.

Burn Classification

The categorization of burns into first, second, third, and fourth degrees based on severity.

Cutaneous Membrane

Also known as the skin; an epithelial membrane.