Weight management (SAS#7)

Lipoprotein Lipase (LPL)

An enzyme that promotes fat storage in fat and muscle cells; higher activity is linked to greater fat storage.

Leptin

A hormone produced by fat cells that decreases appetite and increases energy expenditure.

Ghrelin

A hormone from the stomach that signals the brain to stimulate appetite and food intake.

Fat Cell Development

The process where excess energy causes fat cells to increase in size and number; obese individuals have more and larger fat cells.

Set-Point Theory

Theory suggesting that body weight is physiologically regulated to maintain a set weight.

Overeating

Consuming more food due to environmental factors like food availability and advertising, leading to increased energy intake.

Learned Behavior

Eating habits influenced by psychological triggers rather than physiological hunger, contributing to obesity.

Physical Inactivity

Low energy expenditure due to limited exercise or movement, contributing to weight gain.

Neighborhood Obstacles

Physical or environmental factors such as unsafe streets or lack of sidewalks that discourage physical activity.

National Goals to Combat Obesity

Strategies including promoting physical activity, improving access to healthy foods, health-focused marketing, workplace wellness, and stronger school programs.

Reasonable Weight-Loss Goal

Reduce body weight by 5 to 10 percent over 6 months.

Realistic Energy Intake

Caloric intake that supports gradual, sustainable weight loss without compromising nutrition.

Nutritional Adequacy

Ensuring all essential nutrients are included in the diet during weight management.

Lower Energy Density

Eating foods that provide fewer calories per gram, such as fruits and vegetables.

Thermic Effect of Food

Energy required to digest, absorb, and metabolize food.

Meal Spacing

Planning regular meals throughout the day to help control hunger and manage energy intake.

Adequate Water

Consuming sufficient water daily to support metabolism and manage hunger.

Energy Expenditure

Calories burned through basal metabolism, physical activity, and processing food.

Basal Metabolic Rate (BMR)

The rate at which the body uses energy to maintain basic physiological functions at rest.

Appetite Control

Managing hunger signals through balanced eating and physical activity.

Behavior-Modification Therapy

Techniques used to help individuals change eating and activity habits to support weight management.

Self-Efficacy

The belief in one’s ability to control their body weight through consistent behaviors.

Weight-Loss Strategies

Combined approaches of diet, physical activity, behavior change, and support systems to achieve weight loss.

Weight Maintenance Behaviors

Actions like daily breakfast, regular exercise, weight monitoring, and high-fiber diet to sustain weight loss.

Low Energy Density Foods

Foods like vegetables, fruits, legumes, and whole grains that help in weight management due to lower calories per serving.

Track Food Intake

Monitoring daily food and calorie consumption to support weight management goals.

Limit Screen Time

Reducing hours spent on sedentary activities like watching TV to encourage more physical activity.

Weight-Gain Strategy

Eating energy-dense foods and increasing caloric intake above expenditure while exercising to build muscle.

Energy-Dense Foods

Foods high in calories per serving, helpful in weight gain strategies.

Kcaloric Fluids

Drinks like juice, chocolate milk, and sweetened beverages used to increase caloric intake in weight gain.

Social Eating

Eating with others to stimulate appetite and promote higher food intake.

Meal Variety

Including different flavors, textures, and foods to stimulate appetite and improve food intake during weight gain.

Relaxation and Stress Control

Techniques to help individuals enjoy eating and reduce emotional barriers to appropriate food intake.