the gas laws

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Last updated 11:05 AM on 7/4/26
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7 Terms

1
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The five variables

  • pressure - p

  • volume - v

  • temperature- T

  • number of molecules- N

  • number of moles - n

2
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Avogadros law

  • volume is proportional to amount of gas (number of molecules)

  • constant temperature and pressure

V1/N1 = V2/N2

3
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Boyles law

  • volume is inversely proportional to pressure

  • fixed amount of gas at constant temperature

P1V1 = P2V2

each curve on p against v graph is an isotherm - isothermal change

higher temp - graph shifts upwards

negative curve

4
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Charles’ law

  • volume directly proportional to absolute temperature

  • fixed mass and constant pressure

V1/T1 = V2/T2

<ul><li><p>volume directly proportional to absolute temperature</p></li><li><p>fixed mass and constant pressure</p></li></ul><p>V1/T1 = V2/T2</p><p></p><p></p>
5
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The pressure law

  • pressure is directly proportional to absolute temperature

  • constant volume and fixed mass

6
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The ideal gas equation

moles - pV = nRT (R - molar gas constant)

molecules - pV =NkT (k - Boltzmann constant)

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Why do these laws not always apply

Gases obey gas laws well at moderate pressure/ densities/ volumes

Less well at higher pressures and densities

Because of attractive electrostatic forces between gas molecules which can cause a gas to become a liquid