Chapter 9,10,11

Nephron

the functional working unit of the kidney

afferent

incoming

efferent

outgoing

ureters

10-12 long tubes extending from the kidney to the urinary bladder

hemodialysis

cleaning of the blood by an artificial kidney ma

urinalysis

the physical chemical and microscopic examination of urine

catheterization (catheter)

flexible tube inserted into the urethra to collect urine

cyst/o

bladder

glycos/o

sugar

Lith/o

stone

Meat/o

meatus

Nephr/o, Ren/o

kidney

Noct/i

night

Olig/o

scanty

Pyel/o

renal pelvis

Ur/o

urine

urethr/o

urethra

-lith

stone

-lithiasis

condition of stones

-ptosis

drooping

-tripsy

surgical crushing

-uria

condition of the urine

Scrotum

sac that holds the testes

Vas Deferens (ductus deferens)

the spermatic cord that carries sperm up into the pelvic area

Prostate Gland

secretes an acid neutralizer to keep sperm alive

Perineum

area from the scrotal sac to the anus

Impotence

the inability to achieve erection (erectile dysfunction)

Perineum

area between the vaginal opening and the anus

Perimetrium

outer layer

Myometrium

muscular layer

Endometrium

inside mucus membrane lining that is shed once a month

Areola

dark pigmented area surrounding the nipple

Fraternal Twins

2 ova fertilized by 2 different sperm but delivered on the same day

Identical Twins

twins that develop from the splitting of one fertilized ovum. These twins have identical DNA

Meiosis

cellular division of sex cells

Breech Presentation

buttocks or feet present first during birth

Placenta Previa

placenta implants too low in the uterus causing painless bleeding in the third trimester. Life threatening to mom and baby

Abruptio Placentae

placenta separates from the uterine wall too soon. Complete separation results in immediate death to fetus and resulting hemorrhaging

Andr/o

male

Balan/o

glans penis

Cervic/o

neck, cervix

Colp/o

vagina

Episi/o, Vulv/o

vulva

Fet/o

fetus

Gynec/o

woman

Hyster/o, Metr/o

uterus

Mamm/o, Mast/o

breast

Nat/o

birth

Oophor/o

ovary

Orchid/o

testes

Salping/o

fallopian tube

Toc/o

labor

Vas/o

vas deferens

-gravida

pregnancy

-para

to bear offspring

-partum

childbirth

-salpinx

fallopian tubes

Pituitary (Master Gland)

located inferior to the brain directly between the eyes

GH (somatotropin)

growth hormone

Calcitonin

lowers blood calcium levels

PTH (Parathyroid Hormone)

increases blood calcium levels

Aldosterone

mineralocorticoid (regulates electrolyte and fluid volume in the body)