Basic ethics

deontological

deontological

focus on action

teleological

focus on end result

synderesis rule

do good avoid evil

5 primary precepts

preserve innocent life / reproduce to continue species / educate kids / worship God / maintain order

secondary precepts

rules coming off primary precepts

apparent good

wrong action even if good outcome

double effect

bad effect is unintended side effect

Proportionalism

Vardy / follow nm law unless there is proportional reason to go against

“taking into account unintended but

foreseeable side effects of our actions” - Hoose

Situation Ethics Joseph Fletcher

right and wrong depend on situation / no universal moral rules or rights / Christian / only applies to humans

agape

unconditional love

6 fundamental principles

only intrinsic good is love / love and justice same thing / only norm is love / love is not liking / love justifies the means / love decides there and then

conscience

verb not noun / make decisions creatively and constructively / before not after decision

4 propositions

pragmatism, relativism, positivism, personalism

pragmatism

doing most practical thing to reach end goal

personalism

putting people first because created in God’s image

positivism

seeing God’s love in everything

relativism

never say never, depends on situation

“You are what you do”

James Rachels, virtue ethics quote

Virtue ethics

character-based / Aristotle / only applies to humans

intellectual virtues

art / scientific wisdom / practical wisdom / philosophic wisdom / intuitive reason

eudaimonia

ultimate happiness

courage / generosity / honesty

-cowardice +rashness / -stinginess +extravagance / -secrecy +loquacity

Hursthouse virtue ethics scholar

the way we treat animals reflects how virtuous we are