Bio 302 Chapter 4 - Protein Structure and Function

Atoms

The smallest unit of matter

Where are protons and neutrons located?

The nucleus

Where are electrons located?

Outer orbitals

What do atoms form with one another?

chemical bonds

Covalent bonds

Strong chemical bonds formed when two or more atoms share valence electrons

Ionic bonds

when an atom gains or loses an electron and a charge is added

Structural protein

provides structure

Enzyme

catalyzes covalent bonds

Transport Protein

carries molecules or ions

Motor proteins

generates movement in cells or tissues

Storage proteins

stores small molecules or ions

What links amino acids?

Polypeptide bonds

Polypeptide backbone

amino terminus

Carbonyl terminus

Electrostatic interaction

occurs between two atom with opposing charges

Hydrophobic forces

pack hydrophobic amino acids inside of proteins