________ are photosynthetic organisms (autotrophs) that are able to convert light energy from the Sun to chemical energy that can be transferred from one organism to another within the ecosystem.
New cards
2
Sludge
________ undergoes a process of bacterial digestion to reduce the amount of organic matter and the number of disease- causing microorganisms present.
New cards
3
Green plants
________ convert atmospheric carbon dioxide into glucose during photosynthesis.
New cards
4
Decomposers
Organisms that obtain their energy from non- living organic material such as faeces, fallen leaves and dead organisms.
New cards
5
pollution
They are prone to overfishing and ________, which could lead to an imbalance in the ecosystem.
New cards
6
Food chains
________ seldom have more than 5 trophic levels as less energy is available at the higher trophic levels.
New cards
7
indiscriminate logging
The ________ without sufficient reforestation has led to many environmental and ecological problems such as: (a) The ‘ slash and burn practice used to clear forests for agriculture releases a large amount of carbon dioxide which contributes to global warming.
New cards
8
Ecology
the study of the interactions between organisms and the interactions of these organisms with their environment.
New cards
9
single tree
A(n) ________ can support a large population of aphids.
New cards
10
Inorganic substances
________ from industrial waste include: leached nutrients and fertilisers (nitrates and phosphates) from farmland, ammonia, sulfur dioxide from power plants, and heavy metals.
New cards
11
Carbon dioxide
The gas returned to the atmosphere when cellular respiration takes place in living organisms.
New cards
12
solid matter
The ________ left behind from the sewage treatment process is known as sludge.
New cards
13
Organisms
________ at each trophic level pass on much less energy to the next trophic level than they receive.
New cards
14
Pyramid of biomass
A pyramid that shows the dry mass of organisms at each trophic level in a food chain.
New cards
15
inorganic nutrients
They can also convert ________ in the soil to organic nutrients that can be transferred up the food chain.
New cards
16
Water pollution
occurs when pollutants are discharged directly into water without undergoing treatment.
New cards
17
Food webs
interconnected food chains
New cards
18
Energy
________ enters the ecosystem from the outside.
New cards
19
green plants
When the ________ and animals die, decomposers break their organic matter down into carbon dioxide and other simple substances.
New cards
20
Habitat
The place where an organism lives
New cards
21
Population
A group of individuals of one species that live in a particular habitat
New cards
22
Community
All the organisms that live in a particular habitat. It consists of populations of organisms that live close enough to interact with one another.
New cards
23
Pyramid of numbers
The pyramid which shows the population of each trophic level in a food chain.
Studied by 4 people
Note 
Flashcard (28)