ap world ch. 8 & 12

Ghengis Khan

Universal Ruler" founded the largest empire established throughout Asia and parts of Europe. Unable to take down the Chinese, but his grandson eventually did; believed to be related to 1/8 of the world today

Sunnis

Followers of this form of Islam believed that anyone from Muhammad's tribe could lead them. They called their leaders caliphs because they were both religious and political. Today they are the largest group of Muslims

Shiites

Followers of this form of Islam believed that Ali should have been the leader after the death of Muhammad. They also believe that those who can trace their family back to Muhammad are called Imams and can speak infallibly about the Quran

Ottomans

Muslim Turks in Anatolia, present day Turkey, who took over Constantinople and renamed it Istanbul; ruled parts of Europe, Africa, and Middle East from 1453-1922

Il-Khan

Based in Persia, established by Hulegu they often clashed with Muslims leading to a relationship with the pope and Catholics to fight against them

Bubonic plague

Bacterial disease spread by fleas carried by rats; spread to humans and by coughing; Huge mortality rate, especially in Europe; spread due to peace and trade

Zheng He

Great sailor and explorer during the Ming empire. Born Muslim he was a eunuch who sailed around Asia all the way to Africa

Tsar (Czar)

 

Comes from the word Caesar, this word was first used for Ivan II of Russia and passed down until the last emperor Nicholas II. These rulers established Russia as their own nation

Timur (Tamerlane)

Mughal who gained control of much of the land in Central Asia and Iran for the Mongols, however, was not fully Mongol himself so was not a Khan