Meiosis Byng HS honors bio
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30 Terms
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What kind of reproduction does meiosis occur in?
Sexual reproduction
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Advantages of asexual reproduction
1) It is faster.
2)Large numbers are produced
3)the parent doesn’t need a mate
2)Large numbers are produced
3)the parent doesn’t need a mate
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Disadvantages of asexual reproduction
1) offspring are all alike
2) the ability to adapt to a changing environment
2) the ability to adapt to a changing environment
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advantage of sexual reproduction
1) all offspring are different
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disadvantages of sexual reproduction
1) the parent must find a mate
2)fewer are produced
3)it takes longer
2)fewer are produced
3)it takes longer
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scientific term for sex cells
gametes
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scientific term for a fertilized egg
zygote
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union of sperm and egg
fertilization
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How many sets of chromosomes will an offspring of sexual reproduction have
2
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homologous chromosome
two copies of each chromosome
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Diploid
Two of each kind of chromosome
the symbol for diploid is 2N
the symbol for diploid is 2N
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egg and sperm must have ____ the number of chromosomes
half
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1N+1N→
2N
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What kind of cell are gamtes
haploid or 1N
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How do egg and sperm cells become 1N
meiosis
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Meiosis is a process of
reduction division in which the number of chromosomes per cell is cut in half
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the chromosome replicate and 2 sister chromatids are held together by a centromere
interphase
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Chromosomes form homologus pairs
prophase 1
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tetrads line up at center of the cell
metaphase 1
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the tetrads break apart and sister chromatids remain attatched at their centromeres
anaphase 1
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The pairs of sister chromatids start to line up at middle of the cell
prophase 2
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pairs of sister chromatids line up at the center of the cell
metaphase 2
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pairs of sister chromatids separate
anaphase 2
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results in four new 1N cells
Telophase 2 (and cytokenesis)
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a tetrad consists of
4 chromatids
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_________ is the exchange of genes between segments of homlogus chromosomes during meiosis
crossing over
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Variation leads to
adaptation and change
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crossing over leads to
evolution
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meisosis produced
four haploid cells that are different
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in females 4 cells are produced but only one will become an egg the other three cells will
never be functional