Karyotypes and Sex Determination Overview

A collection of flashcards covering concepts of karyotypes and sex determination from the lecture notes.

What chromosomal difference leads to 'super males'?

Individuals with an additional Y chromosome (XYY) are referred to as 'super males'.

What are the sex chromosomes of male grasshoppers and crickets?

Males have one X chromosome (X0).

What is the result of meiosis in the production of eggs?

One large egg and three small cells with very little cytoplasm that degrade.

What are the genetic patterns of sex determination in Mammalia?

XO, XY or complex XY.

What is Triploidy?

A condition where every chromosomal pair has an extra chromosome added.

What chromosome configurations can lead to Turner's syndrome?

A female having a single X chromosome, or X0.

What can an abnormal number of chromosomes from nondisjunction lead to?

Aneuploidy, which means having an abnormal number of chromosomes.

How does karyotyping assist in diagnosis?

It can show biological sex, chromosome structure, and chromosome count.

What might happen if there are too many or too few non-sex chromosomes?

Miscarriage or early death often results.

What can cause a zygote's death in the womb?

Three copies of a large chromosome, such as chromosome 1.