Developmental psych pt. 3 + behaviorism

sibling relationship

religiosity

• regular attendance at religious services predicts about seven extra years of life expectancy

over-permissive parenting vs. “Gentle parenting”

• classic research on parenting styles by Diana Baumrind

Behaviorist revolution

• _______ mental processes don’t matter

• only thing that matters is _______ behavior

• in particular, behaviorism focuses on two types of condition

  • operant conditioning:

    • ex =

  • classical conditioning:

    • ex =

    • you can’t do these examples on purpose unless you use…

      • a ______________ stimulus

      • or a ___________ stimulus

private

observable

:

: reflexive involuntary responses

• mouth watering

• having to pee

• fear (+ any emotion)

• disgust

  • unconditioned stimulus

  • conditioned stimulus

unconditioned =

*gives an unconditioned response

conditioned = ringing and dinner bell and then giving pizza, turns this neutral stimulus into a conditioned one

• becomes a CS when repeatedly presented with the _____________

• mouth watering becomes a …

innate, causes an involuntary bodily response without any prior conditioning

unconditioned stimulus (US)

CR (conditioned response)

other key terms in Classical conditioning

Acquisition - the process of associating the ___ & ___ with the __ & __

stimulus generalization - when a similar but different ______ causes the ____ response as the _____________ stimulus

US & UR with the CS & CR

stimulus; same; conditioned

extinction - the process of ______________ the US & UR with the CS & CR

disassociating

spontaneous recovery - long after _________, the conditioned stimulus ________ causes the conditioned response

extinction; randomly

the “little albert” experiment

• US: loud noise

• UR: crying because of the loud noise

• CS: the fuzzy bunny bunny

• CR: crying because of the fuzzy bunny

• Acquisition:

• Stimulus generalization:

• loud noise

• crying because of the loud noise

• the fuzzy bunny

• crying because of the fuzzy bunny

• associated the loud noise from the anvil with the bunny, causing the baby to associate loud noise with the fuzzy bunny

• baby won’t like any animals because it will associate the loud noise with the bunny for all other animals

operant conditioning