Feline and Canine Integumentary ICVA Diseases

Allergic Dermatitis (Feline)

Atopy is a subtype of Allergic Dermatitis that is year round

Caused by environmental allergens and is inherited

Allergic Dermatitis (Feline): C.S

1. Pruritus

2. Alopecia

3. Erythema

4. Papules

5. Crusting and Scaling

6. Miliary Dermatitis

7. Ear Infections

Allergic Dermatitis (Feline):D.X

1. Hx + Exam

2. Flea control trial

3. Food trial: 8-12 weeks

4. Intradermal Skin Testing: Gold Standard

5. Serologic Testing

6. Skin Biopsy

Allergic Dermatitis (Feline): T.X

1. Flea control:FAD

2. Dietary Managements:Food Allergies

3. Environmental Management:Atopy

4. Pharmacologic Therapy:

   1. Corticosteroids: Short term use, Acute flare ups

   2. Antihistamines

   3. Omega-3

   4. Cyclosporine: Long term

   5. Topical Therapy: Medicated shampoos etc

   6. Immunotherapy: Allergen specific immunotherapy (ASIT)

Atopy (Canine):C.S

1. Pruiritus

2. Erythema

3. Lichenification

4. Hyperpigmentation

5. Alopeci

6. Otitis externa

7. Secondary Infections

Atopy (Canine):D.X

1. Rule out other pruritic diseases

2. Allergen Testing: Intraderma, serum IgE

3. Favrot’s criteria: Meet at least 5 out of 8

   1. Onset of pruritus before 3 years of age

   2. Dog lives mostly indoors

   3. Glucocorticoid Responsive Pruritus

   4. Pruritus w/o primary lesions at onset

   5. Affected front feet

   6. Affected ear pinnae

   7. Non-affected ear margins

   8. Affected ventral abdomen

Atopy (Canine):T.X

1. Allergen Avoidance

2. Pharmacotherapy

   1. Corticosteroids: Short term

   2. Cyclosporine: Calcineurin inhibitor

   3. Oclacitinib (Apoquel)*: JAK inhibitor

      1. Short term and long term

   4. Lokivetmab (Cytopoint)*: Monoclonal antibody therapy

      1. Targets the cytokine IL-31

      2. Short term therapy

3. ASIT

4. Adjunct therapies

FAD (Feline): C.S

Reaction to flea saliva

Type I and IV Hypersensitivity

1. Pruritus

2. Alopecia

3. Erythema

4. Miliary Dermatitis

5. Excoriations + Lichenification

6. Secondary Infections

FAD (Feline):D.X

1. Clinical History + Physical Exam: See flea dirt etc

2. Intradermal Skin Testing: Gold Standard

3. Serological Testing: IgE tests

4. Response to treatment

FAD (Feline):T.X

1. Flea control

2. Symptomatic Tx

   1. Glucocorticoids

   2. Antihistamines

   3. Fatty Acid Supplements

3. Treatment of Secondary Infections

4. Immunomodulatory Therapy

Food Allergy(K9+Feline): C.S

1. Non-seasonal pruritus

   1. Persistent, Year round

   2. Usually on head, neck, perianal regions

2. Eosinophilic Granuloma Complex

   1. Indolent ulcers, plaques, linear granuloma

3. Miliary Dermatitis(Dorsum)

Food Allergy(K9+Feline): D.X

1. Dietary Elimination Trial using a novel protein or hydrolyzed protein

   1. Gold standard. 8-12 weeks

2. Allergen Specific IgE testing

   1. Poor sensitivity+ specificity in cats

3. Intradermal Testing

   1. More commonly used in dogs

4. Histopath

Food Allergy(K9+Feline): T.X

1. Dietary Management

   1. Long -term Diet

   2. Avoid Cross contamination

2. Medications

   1. Corticosteroids

   2. Antihistamines

   3. Fatty Acid Supplements

3. Management of Secondary Infections

Burns (K9+Feline): Levels of Burns

1. First-Degree Burns (Superficial)

2. Second-Degree Burns (Partial Thickness)

3. Third-Degree Burns (Full Thickness)

Burns covering a large surface can trigger SIRS

Burns (K9+Feline): C.S

1. Pain

   1. First and Second degree burns

2. Redness + Swelling

   1. First degree

3. Blisters

   1. Second degree

4. Eschar Formation

   1. Third degree, dry blackened or leathery non painful skin

5. Discharge and Odor

   1. If infected

6. Systemic Signs

Burns (K9+Feline): D.X

1. Exam

2. Assessment of Burn Surface Area (BSA)

3. Wound Culture + Sensitivity: if infected

4. CBC/CHEM: Look for SIRS, Lyte imbalance, organ function impairment

5. Lactate Levels: ^ indicates poor perfusion or sepsis in severe burns

6. Imaging: Deep tissue burns

7. Fluid Balance

   1. To avoid hypovolemic shock

Burns (K9+Feline):T.X

1. Immediate Stabilization

   1. Fluid therapy

   2. Pan Management : First + Second Degree

2. Wound Management

   1. Cooling

   2. Debridement

   3. Dressings: Foam, Silver, Hydrogel

   4. Negative Pressure Wound Therapy

3. Infection Prevention

   1. Topical antimicrobials: Silvr Sulfadiazine or Honey dressing

4. Supportive Care

   1. High Calorie +High Protein

   2. Vitamins A,C,Zinc: support collagen formation

5. Surgical Intervention

   1. Escharotomy

   2. Skin Grafting

6. Adjunctive Therapies

Cuterbriasis

Dermatophytosis(K9+Feline)

Ear mites

Ectoparasites(Feline+K9)

Eosinophilic Granuloma Complex

Feline Acne

Fibrosarcoma

Mosquito Bite Hypersensitivity

Neoplasia/ Neoplastic Disease

Otitis Externa Feline

Otitis Externa/Media Canine

Paraneoplastic Syndrome

Pemphigus

Plasma Cell Pododermititis

Canine: Acral Lick Granuloma

Decubitus Ulcers

Delayed Wound Healing

Diseases of Pads

Diseases of Claws

Pyoderma

Seborrhea

Skin Tumors

Squamous Cell Carcinoma