Conflicting Visions

English Civil War

Conflict from 1640-1649 between Parliament and the Monarchy, resulting in Parliament's victory.

Magna Carta

Document signed in 1215 that limited the powers of the monarchy and established certain legal rights.

Charles I

King of England who was executed after losing the English Civil War.

Oliver Cromwell

Leader of the Parliamentarian forces during the English Civil War and later became Lord Protector.

Restoration

The period in 1660 when the monarchy was restored in England with Charles II.

Glorious Revolution

The peaceful overthrow of King James II in 1688, leading to William and Mary taking the throne.

Virginia Company

Joint-stock company that funded the establishment of Jamestown in 1607, reducing financial risk for investors.

Tobacco

A staple crop in Virginia that became a significant cash crop and economic driver.

House of Burgesses

Established in 1618-1619, it was the first legislative assembly in the American colonies, allowing only white men with property to vote.

Headright System

A land grant policy that provided 50 acres of land to settlers who paid for their passage to Virginia.

Indentured Servants

Individuals who worked for a set number of years (3-7) in exchange for passage to America, often referred to as "white slavery."

Maryland

Founded in the 1630s by the Calvert family as a haven for English Catholics, with an open policy and feudal system.

Great Migration

The movement of Puritans to New England, including Rhode Island, Massachusetts, and Connecticut in the 1620s.

Fort Orange/Albany

A trading post established for the fur trade in the early 1620s.

Fort Amsterdam/NYC

A Dutch settlement that became a trade hub before being taken over by the British in 1664.

Pennsylvania

A proprietary colony founded by William Penn, known for its Quaker population and open religious policies.

Quakers

A religious group known for their pacifism and belief in the "Inner Light," founded by George Fox.

Carolinas

Colonies established in the early 1700s, known for growing crops like sugar and rice.

Georgia

Founded in 1732 by James Oglethorpe as a buffer zone with strict laws, initially banning slavery and alcohol.

Debtor's Heaven

The goal of Georgia to provide a place for debtors from overcrowded jails in England.