Computer Science Unit 10 notes

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18 Terms

1

Problem

a general description of a task that can (or cannot) be solved with an algorithm

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2

Algorithm

a finite set of instructions that accomplish a task

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3

Sequencing

putting steps in an order

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4

Selection

deciding which steps to do next

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5

Iteration

doing some steps over and over

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6

Efficiency

a measure of how many steps are needed to complete an algorithm

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7

Linear Search

a search algorithm checking each element in order until the desired value is found

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8

Binary Search

a search algorithm starting in the middle and eliminating half the data until the desired value is found

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9

Reasonable Time

algorithms with polynomial efficiency or lower running in a reasonable amount of time

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10

Unreasonable Time

algorithms with exponential or factorial efficiencies running in an unreasonable amount of time

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11

Heuristic

provides a "good enough" solution when an actual solution is impractical or impossible

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12

Decision Problem

a problem with a yes/no answer

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13

Optimization Problem

a problem aiming to find the "best" solution among many

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14

Undecidable Problem

a problem with no algorithm always providing a correct yes/no answer

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15

Sequential Computing

programs running one command at a time in order

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16

Parallel Computing

breaking programs into small pieces, running some simultaneously

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17

Distributed Computing

running programs on multiple devices

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18

Speedup

time to complete a task sequentially divided by the time in parallel

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