Cell Transport - Mrs. Xavier

Active Transport

Particle movement from an area of lower concentration to an area of higher concentration, requiring energy.

Passive Transport

Particle movement from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration without using energy.

Osmosis

Movement of water through a selectively permeable membrane.

Facilitated Diffusion

A form of passive transport that uses transport proteins to move molecules across the membrane.

Endocytosis

Process by which cells engulf external substances, incorporating them into the cell.

Exocytosis

Process by which substances are expelled from the cell.

Phagocytosis

Type of endocytosis that involves the engulfing of solid particles, known as 'cell eating'.

Pinocytosis

Type of endocytosis that involves the engulfing of liquid or small particles, known as 'cell drinking'.

Hypertonic Solution

A solution with a higher solute concentration, causing cells to shrink.

Hypotonic Solution

A solution with a lower solute concentration, causing cells to swell.

Isotonic Solution

A solution in which the solute concentration is the same inside and outside the cell.

ATP Energy

The energy used during active transport.

Channel Protein

Transport protein that provides a tube-like opening in the plasma membrane through which particles can diffuse.

Carrier Protein

Transport protein that changes shape when a particle binds with it to move substances across the membrane.

Selective Permeability

The property of the cell membrane that allows some substances to pass through while preventing others.

Lipid Bilayer

Double-layered sheet that gives the cell membrane a strong, flexible barrier.