Cell Transport - Mrs. Xavier

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16 Terms

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Active Transport

Particle movement from an area of lower concentration to an area of higher concentration, requiring energy.

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Passive Transport

Particle movement from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration without using energy.

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Osmosis

Movement of water through a selectively permeable membrane.

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Facilitated Diffusion

A form of passive transport that uses transport proteins to move molecules across the membrane.

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Endocytosis

Process by which cells engulf external substances, incorporating them into the cell.

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Exocytosis

Process by which substances are expelled from the cell.

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Phagocytosis

Type of endocytosis that involves the engulfing of solid particles, known as 'cell eating'.

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Pinocytosis

Type of endocytosis that involves the engulfing of liquid or small particles, known as 'cell drinking'.

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Hypertonic Solution

A solution with a higher solute concentration, causing cells to shrink.

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Hypotonic Solution

A solution with a lower solute concentration, causing cells to swell.

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Isotonic Solution

A solution in which the solute concentration is the same inside and outside the cell.

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ATP Energy

The energy used during active transport.

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Channel Protein

Transport protein that provides a tube-like opening in the plasma membrane through which particles can diffuse.

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Carrier Protein

Transport protein that changes shape when a particle binds with it to move substances across the membrane.

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Selective Permeability

The property of the cell membrane that allows some substances to pass through while preventing others.

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Lipid Bilayer

Double-layered sheet that gives the cell membrane a strong, flexible barrier.