New Bolton OR Rotation Study Guide

-otomy

a procedure in which a structure is incised

-ectomy

a procedure in which a portion of tissue is removed

-ostomy

a procedure in which a new opening is created temporarily

-oscopy

a procedure involving the use of an optical instrument

-rraphy

a procedure in which one or two structures are sutured

-pexy

a procedure to fix in place a structure that would normally be movable

-plasty

a procedure in which there is a manipulation performed that alters organ or body structures

Clean-clean surgery

Incision into and handling of clean internal structures that do not predispose the wound to infection

Clean-contaminiated surgery

incision into and handling of contaminated organs using all precautions to prevent potential spillage

Contaminiated surgery

surgery performed to flush, debride and/or repair a freshly contaminated wound

Dirty surgery

surgery performed in regions of established infection

examples of clean-clean surgery

arthroscopy, laryngoplasty

examples of clean-contaminiated surgery

intestinal anastomosis, colon enterotomy

examples of contaminiated surgery

laceration, compound fracture

examples of dirty surgery

abscess draining, debridement of infected wound

antiseptic

agent applied to living tissue

disinfectant

agent applied to inanimate surface

Isopropyl Alcohol 70%

protein coagulant, degreases skin, ineffective against spores

Iodophores- Betadine,Duraprep

excellent spectrum, iodine, less residual activity, partially inactivated by organic debris, occasional skin sensitivity, safe to use dilute betadine on or around eye

Chlorhexadine Gluconate 4%

broadcast spectrum, better residual activity than iodophores, mucous membrane sensitivity, contact with eyes causes ulcers

Chloraprep Single Use Applicator

2% chlorhex and 70% isoprophyl alcohol, broad spectrum, 48hr antimicrobial activity, reduces skin infection bacteria, occasional sensitivity

order of surgical site preparation

clip, gross prep, white glove test, local block, final prep

Absorbable suture

temporary holding of wound edges before the suture is broken down and obsorbed by the body

Non-absorable suture

suture that does not weaken with time

monofilament suture

single strand suture

multifilament twisted or braided suture

suture that is made up of several smaller fibers that are twisted or braided together to form the desired diameter

taper point needle

single point that tapers into a smooth round body and produces minimal trauma to delicate tissue

reverse cutting point needle

single point that forms into three cutting edges along body of needle to cut through denser tissue

straight needle

straight needle designed for suturing by hand

curved needle

needle designed for suturing with an instrument

swaged needle (atraumatic)

prepacked eyeless needle attached to the suture

absorbable suture examples

chromic gut, vicryl, PDS, monocryl

nonabsorable suture materials

ethilon, prolene, supramid, silk, cotton, stainless steel, fluorofil

multifilament suture materials

vicryl, supramid, silk, cotton

monofilament suture materials

PDS, monocryl, ethilon, prolene, stainless steel, fluorofil