A&P Fall Final Review Unit 2: Skeletal System

These flashcards cover key terms and concepts related to the skeletal system discussed in the lecture on anatomy and physiology.

Clavicle

A long bone that serves as a strut between the shoulder blade and sternum.

Scapula

Also known as the shoulder blade, it connects the humerus with the clavicle.

Mandible

The lower jawbone, which holds the lower teeth.

Ribs

Curved bones that form the rib cage and protect the thoracic cavity.

Humerus

The bone of the upper arm or forelimb.

Radius

One of the two large bones of the forearm, located on the thumb side.

Ulna

The other bone of the forearm, located on the side opposite the thumb.

Vertebral

Bones that make up the spine.

Pelvis

The bony structure at the base of the spine.

Carpals

The bones in the wrist.

Metacarpals

The five bones of the hand between the wrist and the fingers.

Phalanges

The bones in the fingers and toes.

Femur

The thigh bone, the longest bone in the body.

Patella

The kneecap, a small bone that protects the knee joint.

Tibia

The shinbone, the larger and stronger of the two lower leg bones.

Fibula

The thinner and smaller of the two lower leg bones.

Metatarsals

The five long bones in the foot.

Functions of the Skeletal System

Support, Protection, Movement, Blood Cell Production, Mineral Storage.

Axial Skeleton

Part of the skeleton that consists of the bones of the skull, vertebrae, and rib cage, primarily for protection.

Appendicular Skeleton

Part of the skeleton that includes the limbs and pelvic girdle, mainly for movement.

Red Marrow

The tissue in bones that produces blood cells.

Yellow Marrow

The tissue in bones that stores fat.

Epiphysis

The end part of a long bone.

Diaphysis

The shaft or central part of a long bone.

Spongy Bone

Bone that is porous and found at the ends of long bones.

Compact Bone

Dense, outer layer of bone.

Bone Count at Birth

Babies are born with approximately 300 bones.

Bone Count in Adults

Adults have 206 bones.