Imperialism Lecture Notes

Flashcards reviewing key vocabulary and concepts from a lecture on Imperialism.

Imperialism

When one country controls another territory for its economic and political gain.

Imperialist

Controlling country.

Imperiale

Victim country.

First World Country Characteristics

Developed economy, infrastructure, involved in trade, manufacturing, greater technology, sovereignty, increased standard of living, access to education and literacy rates, political stability.

Overseas Base

Steamships and construction of canals to shorten time.

Population “Dump”

Decreases population pressure.

Debt Peonage

People can’t pay taxes and if they can't then they go to jail.

Imports

Raw materials, oil, tin, tungsten, palm oil, coffee, tea, cotton, rubber.

Exports

Manufactured goods, food.

Evangelism

Convert other people.

Medical Advancements

Treatment of Malaria.

Joseph Arthur de Gobineau

Profiles 4 races: Watermelon people, Yellow people, Red people, and Aryan people.

Direct Imperialism (Colony)

Foreign power appointed rulers/governors of territory.

Indirect Imperialism

Allowed native rules to maintain official control, but were greatly influenced (“puppets”) by the foreign government.

Protectorate

Native rulers remain in place but other countries controls defense and foreign policy.

Sphere of Influence

Type of economic imperialism in which a nation secured rights to develop an area (concessionary).

Mandate

Territories assigned control through international agreement.

Economic Imperialism Methods

Concessions/franchises accumulate debt, tariffs, “Most Favored Nation” status.

Extraterritoriality (Diplomatic Immunity)

If a diplomat of a country commits a crime in another country, that country can’t trial that diplomat, only the home country can.

“Doctrines of Lapse”

When an Indian ruler (Raja) doesn’t have a male heir to support their empire.

“Terra Nullius”

Land anyone could conquer.

Cultural imperialism (Assimilation)

Missions/Churches, Schools, Court.

Increased Warfare (Impact of Imperialism on Europe)

Power, economic competition of capitalism, Ist vs Ist, Ist vs ee.

Impacts of Imperialism on China

Qing Dynasty becomes weak and powerless against foreign powers following Opium Wars (1839-1842).

Treaty of Nanjing (1842)

China loses its sovereignty.

Boxer Rebellion (1899-1901)

Attempt to reform and change China.

Matthew Perry - 1853

Forced Japan to open to trade.

Meiji Restoration

Centralized power, Shogun replaced and the Emporer established the Constitutional Monarchy, Diet is the Parliament, Japan goes from Agricultural to Industrial.

“Crown Jewel of the British Empire” (Impacts of Imperialism on India)

Created economic dependency.

British East India Company

Granted Monopoly over trade in India.

Sepoy

Indian soldiers under British/European officers.

British took direct control over India (Viceroy)

Indians end up filling up the lower levels of position.

Ram Mohun Roy

Pushes forward with modern education, disbands the caste system, gets rid of Sati and child marriage.

Imperialism in Africa

Africa was a diverse area with various governments, languages, religions and people (ethnicities).

“Scramble for Africa”

Leads to Berlin Conference (1884-1885).

Afrikaners

Boers (Dutch settlers).

Causes/Impacts of Imperialism on Mid-East

Ottoman Empire had weakened due to poor leadership, corruption, nationalist movements and resisted change.

Tanzimat

Collapse of Ottoman Empire leads to reform efforts and oppression of “Young Yurk” Movement.

Egyptian Independence (Muhammad Ali)

Construction on Suez Canal in 1869.

Concessionary Spheres of Influence

Discovery of oil in the region in 1900.