APUSH Period 3

French and Indian War. 1754-1763

French and Indian War. 1754-1763

• Britain v French with native American alliances on both sides

• After the end of war French ceded all territory to the British and Spanish

Albany Plan of Union Summer of 1754

• Put together by by Ben Franklin to create colonial government and establish defense, trade a better relations with indeginous socities

• no one is the colonies, or British government liked it

Peace of Paris February 1763

• Formally ended 7 years War

• British got a east of Mississippi river, Spain got west.

Proclamation Line of 1763 October 1763

• Restricted colonial settlement west of Applachian Mts.

• Colonists were upset, resulted in protest.

Sugar Act April 1764

• import tax on sugar coffee, wine, ect.

• Sparked protests across colonies

Currency Act September 1764

• Colonies couldn't print own paper money

Quarter Act March 1765

• British Troops remained in colonies after the seven years war.

Stamp Act October 7,1765- October 25, 1765

• Imposes tax on paper items -eventually repelled

Virginia Resolves May 1765

• 5 Resolutions passed by Virginia house of Burgesses

• Denounced Taxation without Representation

Stamp Act Congress October 1765

• 27 delegates met in NYC to petition stamp act

Declaratory Act March 1766

• Parliament had authority to pass any law to bond Colonies closer to England.

• Proclaim Great Britain's political supremacy.

Townshend Acts 1767

• Import tax on luxury items like glass, lead, paint and tea

Boston Massacre 1770

• Clash between colonists and British soldiers, resulting in 5 deaths

Tea Act 1773

• goal to reduce financial debt of British west India company.

• Created a monopoly on tea resulting in protests.

Boston Tea Party December 1773

• men disguised as native Americans dumped tea into Boston Harbor to protest the tea act.

Coercive Acts June 1774

• Closed Boston port in response to Boston Tea Party.

• closed port of Boston until colonists paid for damages.

Quebec Act June 1774

• Extended Quebec border into Ohio River Valley.

• Had a colonial government without local representation

1st Continental Congress September 1774

• Congress help in Philadelphia after intolerable acts.

• Hoped to get back pervious freedoms

Battle of Lexington and Concord April 1775

• British soldiers came to confiscate guns and ammunition and arrest patriot leaders, Ended in battle.

• Ride of Paul Revere

2nd Continental Congress May 1775

• Contential Congress served as national government during revolution.

• Coordinated war efforts throughout the colonies

Battle of Bunker Hill June 1775

• Narrow Victory for british red coats.

• British had 2x many casualties.

• Allowed British to maintain control of Boston.

Dunmore's Proclamation: November 1775

-Any slave who fought for the red coats, we're free after the war.

• Raised concerns about independence.

Declaration of Independence 1776

• Document declaring the colonies independent fron England.

• Made public on July 4th.

• Essentially a declaration of war

Battle of Saratoga October 1777

• Patriot Victory

• British had 2x as many casualties

• Undermined significance of the capture of Philidalphia.

Valley Forge December 1777- February 1778

-Horrible conditions, many died of the cold or diseases.

• Led army to be ill prepared

Battle of Yorktown October 19, 1781

• Surrender of British forces

• sealed a patriot victory in the war.

Treaty of Paris 1783

-Formally ended revolution.

Articles of Confederation (ratified) March 1781

• Gave national government limited power

• replaced by the constitution

Treaty of Fort Stanwix 1784

• Us commission with Iroquois delegates

• Iroquois wanted western New York and Ohio River Valley back.

Northwest Ordinance 1785

• Act that provided survey, scale and division of new territories

Statute of Religious Freedom 1786

• Virginia assembly law that insureds seperation of church and state. -Largley guaranteed religious freedom

Shays's Rebellion December 1786

• West Massachusetts farmers upset about economic troubles after the war.

• Led to strenghting of articles of confederation.

Northwest Ordinance clarification 1787

• Clarified and provided how territories could become states.

Constitutional Convention May- September 1787

• Meeting to draft constitution

• Establish Framework for strong central government

• executive, legislative and judicial branches

Virginia Plan 1787

• 2 part legislative system

• based on population of state.

New Jersey Plan 1787

• One legislative house

• equal number of of representatives

Three fifths compromise 1787

• Slaves were 3/5 of a free person

• For taxation and population purposes

Bill of Rights 1891

• First 10 amendments

• Helped reassure Americans mostly antifederalists.

Indian Trade and Intercourse Act 1790

• Maintain fair trade between Americans and Native Americans

• Widely ignored, conflict and relations got worse.

Whiskey Rebellion Early 1790s

• Western PA farmers were upset about the tax on whiskey.

• George Washington sent troops to intervene, made some weary of the new form of government.

Neutrality Proclamation 1793

• Declared US neutrality in affairs in europe. (French Revolution)

• Limited shipment to europe but increased trade with british west indies.

Battle of Fallen Timbers 1794

• Major US victory against many Native American tribes.

Treaty of Greenville 1795

• Following battle of Fallen Timbers

• Forced Native American tribes to cede northwest territory to the United States.

Jay's Treaty 1796

• Forces British troops of US soil.

• Required American repayment of debt to british firms.

• Limited trade with west indies.

Pinckney Treaty 1796

• Defined border between US and Spanish territory.

• Open mississippi river and New Orleans to US shipping.

• Supported by federalists.

XYZ affair 1797- 1798

• French agents demanded bribes before meeting with american diplomats.

Naturalization Act June 1798

• Immigration act passed by federalist controlled congress

• Raised residency requirement from 5 to 14 years.

• To make it harder for immigrants who mostly voted Democratic- Republicans to gain a right to vote.

Alien and Sedition Acts July 1798

• Security act passed by federalist controlled congress

• Alien act allow president to deport non citizens.

• Sedition act placed restrictions on political speech.

Virginia- Kentucky Resolutions 1798

• Declared alien and sedition acts null and of no force in the states.

Election of 1800 1800

-Burr and Jefferson got the same number of votes.

• House got to choose president, Jefferson was choses.

• John Adams became VP.

Hamilton’s Financial Plan

• Establishing a national bank to stabilize the economy and provide a central institution for managing finances.

• Implementing a tariff system to protect American industries and generate revenue for the government.

• Assumption of state debts to strengthen the federal government and promote unity among the states.

• Creation of a national currency to facilitate trade and economic growth.

• Encouraging the development of manufacturing industries through government support and subsidies.

• Imposing excise taxes on certain goods to generate additional revenue for the government.

• Promoting the sale of government bonds to raise funds for the federal government.

• Implementing a system of sound fiscal policies to establish the creditworthiness of the United States.

Conneticut/Great Compromise

The Great Compromise, also known as the Connecticut Compromise, was a pivotal agreement reached during the Constitutional Convention of 1787. Here is a summary in three bullet points:

• The Great Compromise resolved the conflict between large and small states regarding representation in the legislative branch of the new government.

• It proposed a bicameral legislature, consisting of the House of Representatives, where representation would be based on population, and the Senate, where each state would have equal representation.

• This compromise balanced the interests of both large and small states, ensuring a fair and effective system of representation in the United States Congress.

Republican Motherhood

• Republican motherhood was an ideology that emerged in the late 18th century in the United States.

• It emphasized the role of women in raising virtuous and educated citizens who would contribute to the success of the new republic.

Result of the Virginia and New Jersey Plans

• The Virginia Plan proposed a bicameral legislature with representation based on population, favoring larger states.

• The New Jersey Plan proposed a unicameral legislature with equal representation for all states, favoring smaller states.

• They ended up choosing the proportional representation, with bicameral legislation, and equal representation