mitosis, specialised cells and stem cells

What is mitosis?

A type of cell division

Why is cel growth important?

For the growth of organisms and to repair damaged cells.

What do chromosomes consist of?

Two chromatids, joined at the centromere

How many cells will the parent cell divide to make?

Two daughter cells that are identical to the parent cell.

What does maintaining the chromosome complement mean?

Number of chromosomes that a parent cell has = number of chromosomes that a daughter cell has.

What does the term ‘specialisation’ mean?

They have a special shape or structure which allows them to carry out a specific function.

What are the levels of organisation in animals which allow their bodies to function efficiently?

Specialised cell - tissue - organ - system - organ

What do phloem cells do?

Transport sugar around a plant.

What is a stem cell in animals?

Unspecialised cells which can divide in order to self renew.

What do stem cells have the potential to do?

Become different types of cell

What are stem cells involved in?

The growth and repair of animal tissues.

What are the 2 main types of stem cells?

Embryonic and tissue (adult)

Embryonic stem cells?

Extracted from early stage embryos, can develop into any cells.

Tissue stem cells?

Found throughout the body from birth into adulthood, can only develop into some types of cell.