Phys Di I - Chapter 16 (Blood Vessels)

The characteristics of arterial pulses are directly affected by all the following except:

a. the volume of blood ejected.

b. peripheral arterial resistance.

c. venous valvular competence.

d. blood viscosity.

c. venous valvular competence.

Mrs. Carrol is a 33-year-old patient who is pregnant and presents for a routine checkup. On examination, you note that her blood pressure has decreased. Blood pressure normally decreases during which period?

a. First trimester of pregnancy

b. Second trimester of pregnancy

c. Third trimester of pregnancy

d. Labor and delivery

b. Second trimester of pregnancy

Vascular changes expected in the older adult include:

a. loss of vessel elasticity.

b. decreased peripheral resistance.

c. decreased pulse pressure.

d. constriction of the aorta and major bronchi

a. loss of vessel elasticity.

The amplitude of pulses is recorded on a(n):

a. Likert scale of absent to bounding.

b. numeric scale of 0 to 4.

c. alphabetic scale of A to E.

d. descriptive scale of mild, moderate, and severe

b. numeric scale of 0 to 4.

Which of the following statements is true regarding the examination of peripheral arteries?

a. The thumb should not be used to assess pulses.

b. Palpate at least one pulse in each extremity, usually the most proximal one.

c. The pulses are most readily felt over bony prominences.

d. Extremity pulses do not normally generate waveform

c. The pulses are most readily felt over bony prominences.

A pulsation that is diminished to the point of being barely palpable would be graded as:

a. 0. b. 1. c. 2. d. 3.

b. 1

Conduction system impairment should be suspected if an irregular heartbeat is:

a. galloping.

b. paradoxical.

c. loud.

d. weak.

b. paradoxical.

An idiopathic spasm of arterioles in the digits is termed:

a. arteriosclerosis obliterans.

b. giant cell arteritis.

c. Raynaud disease.

d. a peripheral arterial aneurysm

c. Raynaud disease.

A major risk factor for arterial embolic disease is:

a. venous thrombosis.

b. atrial fibrillation.

c. hypotension.

d. diuretic therapy.

b. atrial fibrillation.

You are examining Mr. S, a 79-year-old diabetic man complaining of claudication. Which of the following physical findings is consistent with the diagnosis of peripheral arterial disease?

a. Thick, calloused skin

b. Ruddy, thin skin

c. Warmer temperature of extremity in contrast to other body parts

d. Loss of hair over the extremities

d. Loss of hair over the extremities

During a routine prenatal visit, Ms. T was noted as having dependent edema, varicosities of the legs, and hemorrhoids. She expressed concern about these symptoms. You explain to Ms. T that her enlarged uterus is compressing her pelvic veins and her inferior vena cava. You would further explain that these findings:

a. are usual conditions during pregnancy.

b. indicate a need for hospitalization.

c. indicate the need for amniocentesis.

d. suggest that she is having twins

a. are usual conditions during pregnancy.

A characteristic distinguishing primary Raynaud phenomenon from secondary Raynaud phenomenon includes which of the following?

a. Vasospasm.

b. Digital ischemia with pain.

c. Triphasic demarcated skin

d. Cold and achy improving with warming.

b. Digital ischemia with pain.

In children, coarctation of the aorta should be suspected if you detect:

a. a delay between the radial and femoral pulses.

b. a simultaneous radial and femoral pulse.

c. an absent femoral pulse on the left.

d. bilateral absence of femoral pulses.

a. a delay between the radial and femoral pulses.

When examining arterial pulses the thumb may be used:

a. especially if vessels have a tendency to move.

b. never for palpating pulses.

c. checking the jugular venous pressure.

d. during the Allen test

a. especially if vessels have a tendency to move.

A bounding pulse in an infant may be associated with:

a. patent ductus arteriosus.

b. coarctation of the aorta.

c. decreased cardiac output.

d. peripheral vaso-occlusion

a. patent ductus arteriosus.

In pregnancy, blood pressure is at its lowest at:

a. conception.

b. 4 to 12 weeks.

c. 16 to 20 weeks.

d. time of delivery

c. 16 to 20 weeks.

You are palpating bilateral pedal pulses and cannot feel one of the pulses. The feet are equally warm. You find that both great toes are pink, with a capillary refill within 2 seconds. Which of the following statements is correct?

a. Immediate emergency surgery is indicated.

b. Pedal pulses are not always palpable.

c. Unilateral pulses are never normal.

d. Venogram studies will be needed.

b. Pedal pulses are not always palpable.

The arterial pulse is produced by ____________________.

Ventricular Systole

Which of the following are risk factors for varicose veins? (Select all that apply.)

a. Gender

b. Alcohol use

c. Lower extremity trauma

d. Increased body mass

e. Hypertension

f. Diabetes

a. Gender; c. Lower extremity trauma; d. Increased body mass