AAP- Pinna

Disorders outer pinna

Define etiology

the cause or set of causes of a disease or condition

What are the types of trauma

Force, Noise, Barotrauma, latrogenic

What is barotrauma

Trauma due to pressure (airplane)

what is latrogenic

trauma due to medical treatment

What are the 8 causes of disorders

genetics, noise trauma, infections, barotrauma, latrogenic trauma, physical trauma, oxotoxicity, metabolic

What are the three types of hearing loss

conductive, sensori neural, mixed

what is the difference between conductive and sensori neural hearing loss

conductive is in the middle ear, sensori neural is in the inner ear

What is this disorder

Mictrotia

What is this disorder

Anotia

Use COAT to describe anotia/ microtia

C- pinna is absent or malformed

O- Likely to affect EAM also

A- No hearing loss

T- Surgery, prosthetics, surgical reconstruction, autologous reconstruction, alloplastic reconstruction

Is anotia/ microtia aquired or congenital

congenital

Is Microtia/ anotia bilateral or unilateral

bilateral usually

What is this disorder

Bat ears

Use COAT to describe bat ears

C- Absent anti-helical bend

O- No significant features

A- No hearing loss

T- Surgical correction >5 yrs old. Pinnaplasty or otoplasty

What is this disorder

Pre auricular tags

Use coat to describe pre-auricular tags

C- Small tags of collagen tissue- harmless

O- Tags around the tragus

A- Higher risk of hearing problems but they do not give hearing loss themselves

T- burnt/frozen off, minor cosmetic surgery under local anaesthetic depending on size/shape

What is this disorder

Pre-auricular pits

Use COAT to describe pre- auricular pits

C- Small dimple Infront of the helix, entrance to sinus tract

O- can cause recurring infections in the pit

A- nothing significant

T- Leave alone, potentially surgery, antibiotics for infection

What is this disorder

Laceration

Use COAT to describe laceration(pinna)

C-Cut to the pinna

O- cut to the pinna

A- no hearing loss

T- usually self heal, in extreme cases- surgical reconstruction

What is this disorder

Perichondritis

Use COAT to describe Perichondritis

C- Infection if the perichondrium. Can happen from insect bites, ear piercing or injury

O- Redness, pain and swelling, fever. Puss can cut off blood supply to cartilage

A- No hearing loss, can be destructive, recurring and long lasting

T- Antibiotics and steroids. Warm compress, drainage of abscess, pain relievers

What is this disorder

Haematoma

Use COAT to describe haematoma

C- Tissue injury, bruise, blood outside blood vessels, usually result of blunt trauma

O- Redness, pain, swelling

A- No hearing loss

T- Drainage/ pressure dressing. RICE- rest, ice, compression, elevation

What is this disorder

Frostbite

Use COAT to describe frostbite

C- Freezing of body tissue, pins and needles, pain, itching, burning sensation when warmed up, despite rich blood supply

O- dark patches around the pinna

A- no hearing loss

T- Beta-blockers decrease blood flow, slowly warm up ear, debridement (tissue removal). once skin has died its unable to renew itself

What is this disorder

Neoplasia

Use COAT to describe Neoplasia

C- Growths/tumors/lesions of tissue, can be malignant or benign.

O- Dark patches or growths in and around the pinna

A- vertical localisation and resonance may be affected

T- Whole/ patrial removal of pinna, radiotherapy,

What is this disorder

Bacterial Otitis externa

What are the symptoms for bacterial otitis externa

Swelling, redness, pus

What is the treatment for bacterial otitis externa (pinna)

Antibiotics, steroids, acidic ear drops to kill bacteria

What is this disorder

Viral otitis externa

What are two types of viral otitis externa

Herpes zoster (shingles), ramsey hunt syndrome

what are symptoms of viral otitis externa

Pain, rash, blisters

How long do you have to use antiviral therapy to treat viral otitis externa

72 hours from onset of rash

What is treatment for viral otitis externa

analgesis for neuralgia pain, topical lotions for blisters, 3-5 weeks to clear

What is this disorder

Fungal otitis externa

What is the name for fungal otitis externa

otomycosis

What can cause otomycosis

prolongs use of antibacterial or steroid drops

What are the symptoms of otomycosis

itchy more than pain, dry skin, inflammation

What is the treatment for otomycosis

Topical medications, oral medications