Schizophrenia

schizophrenia:

chronic disorder affecting thought, perception, affect, social and occupational functioning

what are the phases of schizophrenia:

1. premorbid

2. prodromal

3. active psychotic phase

4. residual

premorbid:

this is b4 the illness

they might be:

• shy

• withdrawn

• poor school/work

• socially isolated

prodromal:

this is the 1st obvious signs of psychosis

• noticeable deterioration

• 2-5 years

active psychotic phase:

this is when psychosis is apparent

residual phase:

• active psychosis has improved

• psychosis improves and the negative symptoms remain

other psychotic disorders

• delusional disorder

• brief psychotic disorder

• schizophreniform

• schizophrenia

• schizoaffective disorder

• delusional disorder

• atleast 1 month

• little to no hallucinations

• no major bizarre behavior

• brief psychotic disorder

• less than a day but equal to a month

• can include catonia (standing completely still)

• sudden onset

• often follows severe stress

• schizophreniform

• 1-6 months

• same symptoms as schizophrenia

schizophrenia:

longer than 6 months

schizoaffective disorder:

• schizophrenia symptoms + mood disorder

• 2 weeks of psychosis in the absence of major mood symptoms

what are nursing priorities for these patients:

• self harm

• violence

• poor impulse

• make sure they are in a low stimulating environment

Antipsychotics

what are the 5 first generation antipsychotics?

• haloperidol

• chlorpromazine

• loxapine

• thiothixene

• perphenazine

what do antipsychotics do?

blocks dopamine recpetors

what are the atypical antipsychotics?

• clozapine

• risperidone

• ziprazone

• quetiapine

• paliperidone

• olanzapine

• ariprazole

what do you need to watch out for with the first generation antipsychotics:

EPS, they are at a higher risk of developing EPS

what do you need to monitor for with the second generation antipsychotics?

• tardive dyskinesia

• NMS

• anticholinergic