AP Hug Unit 6 Vocab

Flashcards for APHG Unit 6 Vocabulary

Site

The physical character of a place.

Situation

The location of a place relative to other places.

Urbanization

The process of population growth in urban areas.

Redevelopment

Rebuilding existing parts of a city.

Transportation-oriented development

Development that focuses on making public transportation a centerpiece of urban areas.

Megacities

Cities with more than 10 million people.

Metacities

Cities with more than 20 million people.

Semi-periphery

Newly industrialized countries and regions that have qualities of both core and periphery regions.

Suburbanization

The growth of areas on the fringes of cities.

Urban sprawl

Unrestricted growth in urban areas with little concern for planning.

Edge city

Concentrations of business, shopping, and entertainment outside a traditional downtown area.

Exurb

Small, usually wealthy, communities lying beyond the suburbs of a city.

Boomburbs

A large, rapidly growing suburban city.

Infill Development

Building on empty or underdeveloped land within a city.

World city

A city that serves as a center of global finance, trade, and culture.

Rank-size rule

A pattern in which the population of cities in a country is inversely proportional to their rank.

Primate city

The largest city in a country that dominates its political, economic, and cultural life.

Gravity model

A model predicting spatial interaction based on population size and distance.

Central Place Theory

A theory explaining the size and spacing of cities.

Burgess Concentric Zone Model

A model of urban structure showing rings of different land uses.

Hoyt Sector Model

A model of urban structure showing sectors radiating from the city center.

Multiple Nuclei Model

A model of urban structure showing multiple nodes of activity.

Galactic City Model

Model that includes edge cities along transportation routes.

Latin American City Model

A model of urban structure common in Latin America, combining elements of radial sectors and concentric zones.

Bid-Rent Theory

A theory stating that land prices decrease as distance from the city center increases.

Southeast Asian City Model

A model of urban structure found in Southeast Asia, featuring a port zone and mixed land uses.

African City Model

A model showing three CBDs and ethnic neighborhoods.

Smart growth policies

Policies that encourage sustainable urban development.

New Urbanization

Urban design emphasizing pedestrian-friendly and mixed-use development.

Greenbelt

A ring of parkland or farmland intended to limit urban sprawl.

De facto Segregation

Segregation that exists through cultural norms, not laws.

Redlining

Discriminatory practice of denying loans or insurance to people in certain neighborhoods based on race or ethnicity.

Blockbusting

A practice by real estate agents to persuade white residents to sell their homes quickly at a loss by instilling fears that minority groups will move into the neighborhood.

Housing affordability

The inability of people to afford adequate housing in a specific area.

Environmental injustice

The disproportionate exposure of minority groups to environmental hazards.

Squatter settlement/Shanty Town

An area of makeshift housing lacking basic necessities like clean water and sanitation.

Urban renewal

The clearing and rebuilding of urban slums.

Ecological footprint

The impact of a human activity on the environment.

Brownfields

Abandoned or underused industrial and commercial facilities available for re-use.

Farmland Protection Policy Act (FPPA)

Federal law to minimize the effect of federal programs on the unnecessary and irreversible conversion of farmland to nonagricultural uses.

Gentrification

The process of wealthier residents moving into deteriorated urban areas, often displacing lower-income residents.