World History Unit 1

Which European nation established colonies along the Atlantic coast of North America (13 Colonies)?

England

Which crop, brought from the Americas, became a staple food in Europe?

Potato

What factor had the greatest negative impact on Native Americans after European arrival?

Disease

Which invention made it easier to print maps and spread new ideas during the Age of Exploration?

Printing press

According to mercantilism, colonies could only:

Trade with the mother country

The Spanish forced Native Americans to labor under what system?

Encomienda System

Which European power established Quebec as a colony?

France

What was the most valuable trade good from the East Indies (Spice Islands)?

Spices

During the Age of Exploration, how did the Portuguese establish dominance in the Indian Ocean trade?

By using advanced naval technology and building fortified trading posts

Which empire was located in modern-day Mexico City before European conquest?

Aztec

Which explorer’s name inspired the naming of “America”?

Amerigo Vespucci

What happened to Ferdinand Magellan during his voyage of circumnavigation?

He was killed in the Philippines, but his crew finished the voyage

Which Portuguese explorer was the first European to round the Cape of Good Hope in 1488? 

Bartolomeu Dias

Which English explorer claimed land along the Atlantic coast of North America for England?

John Cabot

Which economic activity was most important to French settlers in North America during the 1600s?

Fur trading

Ferdinand Magellan is remembered for:

Leading the first expedition to circumnavigate the globe

The main reason Europeans established colonies in the Americas was to:

Gain wealth through trade and resources

Who conquered the Aztec Empire in present-day Mexico?

Hernan Cortes

Which Spanish conquistador conquered the Aztec Empire?

Hernan Cortes

Vasco da Gama’s voyage was significant because he:

Reached India by sea around Africa

Leif Erikson landed in an area the Vikings called “Vinland,” which is likely part of present-day:

Newfoundland, Canada

The “Spice Islands” were located in present-day:

Indonesia

Which empire was located in the Andes Mountains of South America?

Inca

Spain governed its colonies using:

Viceroys appointed by the king

Which economic system was based on using colonies to provide raw materials and wealth for their European mother countries?

Mercantilism

What was the main result of the Inca Civil War between Atahualpa and Huáscar?

The Inca Empire was weakened, making it easier for the Spanish to conquer

Which deadly disease devastated Native American populations after European contact?

Smallpox

Which group benefited most from mercantilism?

European monarchs and merchants

Which European nation established the colony of Brazil?

Portugal

Prince Henry the Navigator is important because he:

Founded a navigation school

What was the main cash crop grown in the Caribbean using enslaved African labor?

Sugar

A major motivation for European exploration was:

To escape famine in Europe

Which European nation first dominated the slave trade in the 1500s?

Portugal

What did Christopher Columbus promised Spain regarding his voyage?

Bring wealth and new routes to Asia

Which explorer is credited as the first known European to reach North America around 1000 CE?

Leif Erikson

Which invention made it easier for Europeans to share maps, books, and ideas during the Age of Exploration?

Printing Press

The Columbian Exchange refers to:

The transfer of plants, animals, and diseases between continents

Which invention made navigation more accurate during sea voyages?

Compass

What was the main purpose of Spanish missions in the Americas?

Convert native Americans to Christianity

Which country sponsored Christopher Columbus’s voyage in 1492?

Spain

Which country received most of Spain’s silver from the Americas through trade?

China

The Treaty of Tordesillas (1494) divided the new world between:

Spain and Portugal

What was the main goal of explorers like Dias and da Gama?

Reach Asia for spices

Which English colony, founded in 1607, was the first permanent English settlement in North America?

Jamestown

In the New World, which economic practice grew as merchants invested money in trade and colonies to make a profit?

Capitalism

Which explorer gave England early claims in North America by reaching Newfoundland in 1497?

John Cabot

Which leg of the triangular trade was known as the Middle Passage?

The journey of enslaved Africans to the Americas

The economic policy that colonies existed to benefit the mother country was called:

Mercantilism

Which invention was most important for long ocean voyages?

Caravel ship

Who conquered the Inca Empire in present-day Peru?

Francisco Pizarro

The Spanish forced Native Americans to labor under what system?

Encomienda system

Which European nation established the colony of Brazil?

Portugal

What factor had the greatest negative impact on Native Americans after European arrival?

Disease

During the Age of Exploration, how did the Portuguese establish dominance in the Indian Ocean trade?

By using advanced naval technology and building fortified trading posts

Which invention made navigation more accurate during sea voyages?

Compass

Which Portuguese explorer was the first European to round the Cape of Good Hope in 1488? 

Bartolomeu Dias

Which European nation established colonies along the Atlantic coast of North America (13 Colonies)?

England

The economic policy that colonies existed to benefit the mother country was called:

Mercantilism

Spanish explorers and soldiers who conquered territory were known as:

Conquistadors

Precious metals melted into bars and are put into ships that sailed from Americas to Europe:

Bullion

What is the Great Dying?

Massive decrease in population due to diseases

What is the Bubonic plague?

An infectious disease spread by fleas on rats that killed one third of Europe’s population

A Portuguese trade license to control trade and collect fees

Cartaz

Large shop that carries cargo of materials and goods across the Atlantic

Galleon

International trade network formed by 3-way group of trade routes that crossed the Atlantic Ocean is called:

Triangular trade

The second part of the Triangular trade where African captives were sent to the Americas for slavery is called:

Middle Passage

The enslaved Africans treated like objects and had no rights are called:

Chattel

A rigid racial and social hierarchy in Spanish colonies, particularly Latin America, classifying people by ancestry to control power

Castas System

The blending or merging of different religious, cultural, or philosophical traditions is called:

Syncretism

Mix of Central African beliefs, practices and Christianity in South America

Santeria

Mix of West African beliefs, practices and Christianity

Vodou

Mix of Eastern African beliefs, practices and Christianity in Central America

Rastafari

System of labor used by the Incas transforming mandatory communal work for public good like building roads or large structures with labor exchanged for state support, food, and protection

Mi’ta System

Spanish colonial labor system that granted colonists control over groups of Native Americans, forcing them to provide tribute (goods/labor) in exchange for supposed protection and Christianization

Encomienda System