Cardiovascular/Pulmonary Response to Exercise

the rate of blood flow at rest is…

5L/min

the rate of blood flow during exercise is…

20-40mL/min

hydrodynamics states that

fluid fills where there is the least amount of fluid

what are factors for blood flow

age, gender, posture, food intake, stress, smoking, body temp

the rate of BP during exercise is…

160-220/90 bpm

what are the two types of overload

pressure overload and volume overload

describe what occurs during pressure overload

increase in BP and intrathoracic pressure

describe what happens during volume overload

greater venous return and blood flow to heart

volume overload induces ____ changes in the ____ system

positive, cardiovascular

volume overload _____ the size of the heart chambers

increases

describe the Law of Laplace

wall tension is proportional to pressure and size of radius of curvature

describe the difference between stoke volume and cardiac output

stroke volume describes the volume of blood ejected each beat. cardiac output describes the total volume of blood pumped by heart per min

how to calculate cardiac output

HR x SV

list the exercise demands of the body

more O2, uses nutrients storage, produces waste, increased core temp

list the ways the cardiovascular system responds to exercise

increased HR/O2 circulation, carrying additional nutrients to cells in need, carrying waste away, dissipating heat through blood flow to skin surface

any ____ training will improve cardiac function

aerobic

____ training can induce cardiac thickness changes

resistance

what are the signs of fitness

reduction of resting HR (<60bpm), reduction to HR with submax exercise

in the first 6 months of aerobic training VO2 max increases by ___ to ___ %

10-30

list the factors that influence VO2 max

exercise mode, gender (males higher by 15-30%), age (declines with age), genetics (20-50%)

what type of training can lower blood pressure

aerobic training

what type of training increases blood volume

aerobic

blood volume increase by ___ to ___ % in the first couple weeks of training

12-20

circulating ___ ____ are good for CV health

blood lipids

max volume of air breathed rapidly in a min

max voluntary ventilation

volume of air breathed per min

min ventilation

true or false: tidal volume changes during rest or low activity

false

tidal volume ___ with max exercise

increases

list the various ways to train ventilatory muscle

inspiratory muscle training, RT for respiration, one way valve