Back OIANV

a., artery; aa., arteries; brs., branches; m., muscle; mm., muscles; n., nerve.

Where does the latissimus dorsi originate?

Spinous process of T7-T12, posterior 1/3 of iliac crest, lower 3 or 4 ribs

Where does the latissimus dorsi insert?

Floor of the intertubercular groove

What innervates the latissimus dorsi?

Thoracodorsal nerve C7-C8

What vascularizes the latissimus dorsi?

Thoracodorsal a.

What is the action of the latissimus dorsi?

Extends and rotates the arm medially, along with adduction of the arm

Where does the levator scapulae originate?

Transverse processes of C1–C4 vertebrae

Where does the levator scapulae insert?

Medial border of the scapula from the superior angle to the spine

What innervates the levator scapulae?

Dorsal scapular nerve (C5)

What vascularizes the levator scapulae?

Dorsal scapular a.

What is the action of the levator scapulae?

Elevates the scapula

Where does the rhomboideus major originate?

Spinous process of T2–T5

Where does the rhomboideus major insert?

Medial border of the scapula inferior to the spine of the scapula

What innervates the rhomboideus major?

Dorsal scapular nerve (C5)

What vascularizes the rhomboideus major?

Dorsal scapular a.

What is the action of the rhomboideus major?

Retracts, elevates, and rotates the scapula inferiorly

Where does the rhomboideus minor originate?

Inferior end of the ligamentum nuchae, spines of vertebrae C7 and T1

Where does the rhomboideus minor insert?

Medial border of the scapula at the root of the spine of the scapula

What innervates the rhomboideus minor?

Dorsal scapular nerve (C5)

What vascularizes the rhomboideus minor?

Dorsal scapular a.

What is the action of the rhomboideus major?

Retracts, elevates, and rotates the scapula inferiorly

Where does the trapezius originate?

Medial third of the superior nuchal line, external occipital protuberance, ligamentum nuchae, spinous processes of C7–T12

Where does the trapezius insert?

Lateral third of the clavicle, medial side of the acromion and the upper crest of the scapular spine, tubercle of the scapular spine

What innervates the trapezius?

Motor: spinal accessory (XI), proprioception: C3–C4

What vascularizes the trapezius?

Transverse cervical a.

What is the action of the trapezius?

Elevates and depresses the scapula; rotates the scapula superiorly; retracts scapula

Where does the serratus posterior inferior originate?

Thoracolumbar fascia, spinous process of T11–T12 and L1–L2

Where does the serratus posterior inferior insert?

Ribs 9–12, lateral to the angles

What innervates the serratus posterior inferior?

Branches of the ventral primary rami of spinal nerves T9–T12

What vascularizes the serratus posterior inferior?

Lowest posterior intercostal a., subcostal a., first two lumbar aa.

What is the action of the serratus posterior inferior?

Pulls down lower ribs

Where does the serratus posterior superior originate?

Ligamentum nuchae, spines of vertebrae C7 and T1–T3

Where does the serratus posterior superior insert?

Ribs 1–4, lateral to the angles

What innervates the serratus posterior superior?

Branches of the ventral primary rami of spinal nerves T1–T4

What vascularizes the serratus posterior superior?

Posterior intercostal aa. 1–4

What is the action of the serratus posterior superior?

Elevates the upper ribs

Where does the iliocostalis originate?

Iliac crest and sacrum

Where does the iliocostalis insert?

Angles of the ribs

What innervates the iliocostalis?

Dorsal primary rami of spinal nerves C4–S5

What vascularizes the iliocostalis?

deep cervical a., posterior intercostal aa., subcostal aa., lumbar aa.

What is the action of the iliocostalis?

Extends and laterally bends the trunk and neck

Where do the interspinales originate?

Upper border of spinous process

Where do the interspinales insert?

Lower border of spinous process above

What innervates the interspinales?

Dorsal primary rami of spinal nerves C1–L5

What vascularizes the interspinales?

deep cervical a., posterior intercostal aa., subcostal aa., lumbar aa.

What is the action of the interspinales?

Extend trunk and neck

Where do the intertransversarii originate?

Upper border of transverse process

Where do the intertransversarii insert?

Lower border of transverse process above

What innervates the intertransversarii?

Dorsal primary rami of spinal nerves C1–L5

What vascularizes the intertransversarii?

deep cervical a., posterior intercostal aa., subcostal aa., lumbar aa.

What is the action of the intertransversarii?

Laterally bend trunk and neck

Where does the longissimus originate?

Transverse process at inferior vertebral levels

Where does the longissimus insert?

Transverse process at superior vertebral levels and mastoid process

What innervates the longissimus?

Dorsal primary rami of spinal nerves C1–S1

What vascularizes the longissimus

deep cervical a., posterior intercostal aa., subcostal aa., lumbar aa.

What is the action of the longissimus?

Extends and laterally bends the trunk, neck, and head

Where does the multifidus originate?

Sacrum, transverse processes of C3–L5

Where does the multifidus insert?

Spinous processes 2–4 vertebral levels superior to their origin

What innervates the multifidus?

Dorsal primary rami of spinal nerves C1–L5

What vascularizes the multifidus?

deep cervical a., posterior intercostal aa., subcostal aa., lumbar aa.

What is the action of the multifidus?

Extend and laterally bend trunk and neck, rotate to opposite side

Where does the obliquus capitis inferior originate?

Spinous process of the axis

Where does the obliquus capitis inferior insert?

Transverse process of atlas

What innervates the obliquus capitis inferior?

Suboccipital nerve (dorsal primary ramus of C1)

What vascularizes the obliquus capitis inferior?

Occipital a.

What is the action of the obliquus capitis inferior?

Rotates the head to the same side

Where does the obliquus capitis superior originate?

Transverse process of atlas

Where does the obliquus capitis superior insert?

Occipital bone above inferior nuchal line

What innervates the obliquus capitis superior?

Suboccipital nerve (dorsal primary ramus of C1)

What vascularizes the obliquus capitis superior?

Occipital a.

What is the action of the obliquus capitis superior?

Extends the head, rotates the head to the same side

Where does the rectus capitis posterior major originate?

Spinous process of axis

Where does the rectus capitis posterior major insert?

Inferior nuchal line

What innervates the rectus capitis posterior major?

Suboccipital nerve (dorsal primary ramus of C1)

What vascularizes the rectus capitis posterior major?

Occipital a.

What is the action of the rectus capitis posterior major?

Extends the head, rotates to same side

Where does the rectus capitis posterior minor originate?

Posterior tubercle of atlas

Where does the rectus capitis posterior minor insert?

Inferior nuchal line medially

What innervates the rectus capitis posterior minor?

Suboccipital nerve (dorsal primary ramus of C1)

What vascularizes the rectus capitis posterior minor?

Occipital a.

What is the action of the rectus capitis posterior minor?

Extends the head

Where do the rotatores originate?

Transverse processes

Where do the rotatores insert?

longus: spines 2 vertebrae above origin

brevis: spines 1 vertebrae above origin

What innervates the rotatores?

Dorsal primary rami of spinal nerves C1–L5

What vascularizes the rotatores?

deep cervical a., posterior intercostal aa., subcostal aa., lumbar aa.

What is the action of the rotatores?

Rotates the vertebral column to the opposite side

Where do the semispinalis originate?

Transverse processes of C7–T12

Where do the semispinalis insert?

capitis: back of skull between nuchal lines

cervicis and thoracis: spines 4–6 vertebrae above origin

What innervates the semispinalis?

Dorsal primary rami of spinal nerves C1–T12

What vascularizes the semispinalis?

deep cervical a., posterior intercostal aa., subcostal aa., lumbar aa.

What is the action of the semispinalis?

Extends the trunk and laterally bends the trunk, rotates the trunk to the opposite side

Where do the spinalis originate?

Spinous processes at inferior vertebral levels

Where do the spinalis insert?

Spinous processes at superior vertebral levels and base of the skull

What innervates the spinalis?

Dorsal primary rami of spinal nerves C2–L3

What vascularizes the spinalis?

deep cervical a., posterior intercostal aa., subcostal aa., lumbar aa.

What is the action of the spinalis?

Extends and laterally bends trunk and neck

Where do the splenius originate?

Ligamentum nuchae and spines of C7–T6 vertebrae

Where do the splenius insert?

capitis: mastoid process and superior nuchal line laterally

cervicis: posterior tubercles of C1–C3 vertebrae

What innervates the splenius?

Dorsal primary rami of spinal nerves C2–C6

What vascularizes the splenius?

deep cervical a., posterior intercostal aa.

What is the action of the splenius?

Extends and laterally bends neck and head; rotates head to same side