Reproduction in vertebrates

Reproduction

the process of producing offspring

r-strategy

A reproductive strategy that includes quick reproduction, lots of offspring with short life expectancy, little/no parental care, are very small at birth, and high death rates in young.

K strategy

A reproductive strategy characterized by long development and larger offspring that parents invest time and energy into raising Ex. Humans, elephants.

external fertilization

process in which eggs are fertilized outside the female's body

internal fertilization

Process in which eggs are fertilized inside the female's body

Chemotaxis

Cell movement that occurs in response to chemical stimulus

Pheromones

Chemical signals released by an animal that communicate information and affect the behavior of other animals of the same species.

copulatory organ

by which sperm is deposited in the female reproductive tract

copulation

sexual intercourse

Ovipary

development of an embryo within an egg outside the mother's body

Ovovivipary

development of an embryo within an egg inside the mother's body but without
the embryo receiving any nourishment from the mother

Vivipary

fertilized seeds germinate still attached to mother plant; no dormant period

amniotic egg

A shelled, water-retaining egg that enables reptiles, birds, and egg-laying mammals to complete their life cycles on dry land

Extra-embryonic membranes

In addition to the primary germ layers, some animals, such as chickens, have extra-embryonic membranes. The four extra-embryonic membranes include: the yolk sac, amnion, chorion, and allantois. These extra membranes are common in birds and reptiles.

amnion

Membrane that encloses the embryo in protective amniotic fluid

1.Amnion

Contains the Amniotic Fluid, which prevents dehydration of the embryo

Number and Function of the Allantois

3-

Storage of nitrogenous wastes

2- Chorion’s Function

Allows gaseous exchange