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19 Terms

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British interests in India
Focused on trade including ports and products such as spices and textiles.
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Form of control over India
Initially informal control through the British East India Company until 1858, followed by formal control after the Sepoy Rebellion.
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Sepoy Rebellion
A revolt against British exploitation, fueled by rumors of pig and pork grease applied to rifle cartridges and anger over denied self-government.
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How did British strengthen control of India?
By building railroads, schools, and irrigation systems.
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When did Britain give up control of India?
India gained independence in 1947, leading to partition and the creation of India and Pakistan.
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Long-term effects of British imperialism on India
Resulted in a drain of resources, the establishment of infrastructure, and a constitutional government.
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Gandhi's philosophy
Promoted nonviolence and civil disobedience to achieve independence from British rule.
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Salt March
An example of Gandhi's nonviolent protest that drew global attention to British treatment of Indians.
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Partition of India
The division of British India into two independent states, India (Hindu) and Pakistan (Muslim), following WWII.
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India's first prime minister
Jawaharlal Nehru, who aimed to modernize India unlike Gandhi.
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Nehru's vision vs Gandhi's vision
Nehru supported modernization while Gandhi advocated for a return to traditional society.
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Caste system post-independence
Illegal but continues to persist due to tradition.
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India during the Cold War
Maintained a neutral stance, not siding with either the USSR or the USA.
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Region of India with multiple conflicts
Kashmir, which remains a contentious area due to its majority Muslim population and minority Hindu ruler.
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India's biggest rival
Pakistan.
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Result of the 1971 war in East Pakistan
The creation of Bangladesh as a majority Muslim country.
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Major religion of Pakistan
Islam.
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Pakistan’s ongoing conflict
Border issues with India, specifically concerning Kashmir, and relationships with Afghanistan.
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Pashtun ethnic group location
Found in the border regions between Afghanistan and Pakistan.