Chapter 10 mad term

Pyosalpinx

Pus in the uterine (fallopian) tube.

Estrogen

Hormone primarily secreted by the ovaries.

Hymen

Thin membrane that partially covers the vaginal opening.

Dilation stage

First stage of labor when the cervix opens.

Epididymis

Coiled tube where sperm mature and are stored.

Varicocele

Enlargement of the testicular veins in the spermatic cord.

Phimosis

Narrowing of the prepuce (foreskin).

Meconium

First bowel movement of a newborn.

Fibroid

Benign tumor of the uterus.

Endometrial biopsy

Procedure used to examine the uterine lining.

Ovaries

Female gonads that produce eggs, estrogen, and progesterone.

Uterus

Muscular organ where a fetus develops.

Endometrium

Inner lining of the uterus.

Myometrium

Muscular middle layer of the uterus.

Cervix

Lower opening of the uterus into the vagina.

Vagina

Muscular canal connecting the uterus to the outside of the body.

Fallopian tube

Tube that carries an egg from the ovary to the uterus.

Fimbriae

Finger-like projections that guide the egg into the fallopian tube.

Ovulation

Release of a mature egg from the ovary.

Menstruation

Monthly shedding of the uterine lining.

Follicle

Structure in the ovary containing a developing egg.

Corpus luteum

Structure formed after ovulation that secretes progesterone.

Progesterone

Hormone that prepares the uterus for pregnancy.

Fertilization

Union of a sperm and an egg.

Implantation

Attachment of the fertilized egg to the uterine lining.

Placenta

Organ that exchanges nutrients and wastes between mother and fetus.

Umbilical cord

Connects the fetus to the placenta.

Amniotic fluid

Fluid that cushions and protects the fetus.

Amniotic sac

Membrane surrounding the fetus during pregnancy.

Gestation

Pregnancy from conception to birth.

Embryo

Developing baby during the first eight weeks.

Fetus

Developing baby from the ninth week until birth.

Labor

Process of childbirth.

Effacement

Thinning of the cervix before delivery.

Expulsion stage

Second stage of labor when the baby is delivered.

Placental stage

Third stage of labor when the placenta is delivered.

Perineum

Area between the vagina and anus.

Labia majora

Large outer folds of the vulva.

Labia minora

Smaller inner folds of the vulva.

Clitoris

Sensitive erectile organ of the female reproductive system.

Mammary glands

Breast tissue that produces milk.

Colostrum

First nutrient-rich milk produced after childbirth.

Lanugo

Fine hair covering the fetus before birth.

Vernix

Waxy protective coating covering the fetus.

Eclampsia

Life-threatening condition involving seizures during pregnancy.

Candidiasis

Yeast infection caused by Candida.

Pap smear

Screening test for cervical cancer.

Cervical biopsy

Removal of cervical tissue for examination.

Chorionic villus sampling

Prenatal genetic test using placental tissue.

Mammography

X-ray examination of the breast.

Hysteroscopy

Visual examination of the uterus.

Hysterosalpingography

X-ray of the uterus and fallopian tubes using contrast dye.

Mastectomy

Surgical removal of a breast.

Hysterectomy

Surgical removal of the uterus.

Salpingectomy

Surgical removal of a fallopian tube.

Oophorectomy

Surgical removal of an ovary.

Salpingo-oophorectomy

Surgical removal of a fallopian tube and ovary.

Orchiectomy

Surgical removal of a testicle.

Vasectomy

Surgical sterilization by cutting the vas deferens.

Circumcision

Surgical removal of the foreskin.

Testes

Male gonads that produce sperm and testosterone.

Scrotum

Sac that contains the testes.

Penis

Male reproductive organ that delivers semen.

Glans penis

Head of the penis.

Prepuce

Foreskin covering the glans penis.

Epididymis

Storage and maturation site for sperm.

Vas deferens

Tube carrying sperm from the epididymis.

Seminal vesicles

Glands producing nutrient-rich seminal fluid.

Prostate gland

Adds fluid that helps protect sperm.

Bulbourethral glands

Glands that secrete lubricating fluid before ejaculation.

Semen

Fluid containing sperm and gland secretions.

Spermatogenesis

Process of sperm production.

Testosterone

Primary male sex hormone.

Cryptorchidism

Undescended testicle.

Epispadias

Urethral opening on the upper surface of the penis.

Hypospadias

Urethral opening on the underside of the penis.

Priapism

Persistent painful erection.

Hydrocele

Fluid-filled swelling around a testicle.

Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH)

Noncancerous enlargement of the prostate.

Prostatitis

Inflammation of the prostate gland.

Prostate cancer

Cancer of the prostate gland.

Infertility

Inability to conceive after one year of regular unprotected intercourse.

Gynecology

Medical specialty of the female reproductive system.

Obstetrics

Medical specialty dealing with pregnancy and childbirth.

Andrology

Medical specialty of the male reproductive system.

Colp/o

Vagina.

Vagin/o

Vagina.

Cervic/o

Cervix.

Hyster/o

Uterus.

Metr/o

Uterus.

Uter/o

Uterus.

Oophor/o

Ovary.

Salping/o

Fallopian tube.

Mast/o

Breast.

Mamm/o

Breast.

Galact/o

Milk.

Lact/o

Milk.

Orch/o

Testis.

Orchi/o

Testis.

Testicul/o

Testis.