Studied by 12 people
Distribution
The values a variable takes on and how often it takes on those values
Variable
A recorded characteristic of an individual
Categorical Variable
When we place an individual into categories or groups
Frequency
How many times a variable is recorded (counts)
Relative Frequency
How many times a variable is recorded (%)
Pie Chart
Relative frequency compared to a whole
Bar Chart
Rectangular bars that don't touch
Segmented Bar Chart
Useful when comparing two groups
Shape
Describes how the data looks on a graph
Symmetric
The values on either side of the mean or median are roughly equal. (Mean = Median)
Skewed Left
The left tail of the graph is longer than the right (Mean<Median)
Skewed Right
The right tail of the graph is longer than the left (Mean>Median)
Uniform
Shows up as a straight horizontal line on a graph where are outcomes are equally likely
Unimodal
Has one peak
Bimodal
Has two peaks
Multimodal
Has multiple peaks
Quantitative Variable
A variable where the data represents numerical amounts
Common graphs
: dot plot, box plot, stem plot, histogram
Unusual Points
Points that are unusually small or large compared to the whole group
Mean
The average
Median
Halfway point
Spread
The difference from the lowest score in the distribution to the highest score.
Interquartile Range
Represents the middle 50% of the data
Standard Deviation
Average distance from the mean
Range
Maximum - minimum
Comparing distributions
Higher, lower, similar (comparing words)
5-Number Summary
Min, Q1, Median, Q3, Max
Standard Deviation
A common measure of spread (Always positive, average distance from the mean)
Percentile
The percent of observations at or below a value
Quartile 1
The bottom 25% of the data
Quartile 3
The value where 75% of data points are found equal to or below when arranged in an increasing order
Median equation
(n+1)/2
IQR
Q3-Q1
Note 
Flashcard (102)