Beginning to Science

Independent Variable

The one variable that the scientist changes to observe its effect on another variable.

Dependent Variable

The things that the scientist focuses on to see how they respond to the change made to the independent variable.

Controlled Variables

Quantities that a scientist wants to remain constant during an experiment.

Fair Test

A test that controls all but one variable when attempting to answer a scientific question.

Inference

A conclusion reached after making observations, based on context, past experiences, or other factors.

Bunsen Burner

Used to heat things quickly.

Test Tube

Used to hold small amounts of liquids and solids.

Tripod

Used to support beakers and flasks for heating by a Bunsen burner.

Ceramic or Clay Triangle

Sits on top of a tripod to support crucibles and evaporating dishes.

Wire Gauze

Provides a flat base for beakers and flasks when placed on a tripod.

Beaker

Used to hold liquids and solids.

Retort Stand

Used for clamps to hold other equipment such as test tubes and flasks.

Funnel

Used to pour liquids into a container with a narrow opening.

Conical Flask

Used to hold liquids.

Boss Head

Attached to a retort stand so clamps can hold other equipment.

Measuring Cylinder

Used to accurately measure the volume of liquids. Measure

Mass Balance/Weighing Scale/

Used to accurately measure the mass of solids and liquids.

Tongs

Used to lift hot containers such as crucibles.

Crucible

Used to contain substances that need to be heated at high temperatures.

Evaporating Dish

Used to evaporate excess liquids.

Test Tube Holder

Holds test tubes, especially when being heated or are hot.

Watch Glass

Used to evaporate liquids, hold solids for weighing, heat small amounts, or as a cover for a beaker.

Test Tube Rack

Used to hold test tubes.

Safety Glasses

Worn during practicals to protect eyes.

Lab Coat

Worn during practicals for protection.

Long Hair

Must be tied back during practicals to prevent hazards.

Work Area Cleanup

Cleaning the work area after a practical.

What is Qualitative Data

Observations made by the five senses

What is Quantitative Data

Observation made by instruments and are set out with numbers