GST 110 Chapters 10 & 11 Quiz

International Law

the regulation of relations among sovereign states emerging from customary practices

Intergovernmental Organizations

formal, international public bodies whose members are nation–states

Nongovernmental Organizations

formal, nonprofit, voluntary organizations whose memberships are composed of individuals organized around specific issues or common concerns

Supranational Entities

international organizations that operate beyond the national boundaries of their members’ states

Positivism

the theory and development of international law based on the practice of states and the conduct of international relations as evidenced by custom or treaties

Concert of Europe

a formal collaborative group formed in 1815 to enforce the decisions reached at the Congress of Vienna

Kellogg-Briand Pact

a multinational pact that outlawed war as a means of conflict resolution

Atlantic Charter

a joint declaration by the United States and Great Britain that detailed the position of the two countries relative to World War II and their goals for postwar peace

Security Council

the policymaking branch of the UN consisting of five permanent members with veto power and ten geographically defined rotating seats that turn over every two years

General Assembly

representative body of the UN with all states who have ratified the UN Convention as members

Complex Interdependence

the interdependent relationship that exists between states, such that variation in one state’s behavior significantly affects the other state

Civil Society

nongovernmental groups and organizations that represent the interests and values of their members in public life

Peacebuilding

the UN, in conjunction with humanitarian NGOs, organizes elections, reorganizes police forces, provides relief services, and participates in any other activities that are needed to create a viable state

Global Governance

voluntary international cooperation to manage transnational issues through a system of governance agreed to by all interested parties

Sustainable Development Goals

seventeen goals adopted by the UN to continue and expand on the work of the MDGs until 2030

Poverty

the want of food, clean water, shelter, health care, education, employment, and general well-being

Millennium Challenge Corporation

an organization created by the U.S. Congress to administer economic assistance to developing countries in response to the MDGs

2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development

a document adopted by world leaders that came into force on January 1, 2017, and outlines the seventeen SDGs

Pandemics

the widespread outbreak of diseases

Universal Norms

human rights as delineated in the Universal Declaration that most countries can agree on

Relative Norms

rights that are unique to an individual society, dictated by its religion, cultural practices, level of development, and acceptable criminal punishments

Human Rights

the fundamental rights and freedoms based on the premise that all people are inherently equal and must be treated as such, regardless of their nationality or ethnic origin, race, religion, language, or other status

International Regimes

cooperation among states based on custom and practice, without formal agreement

Transactional Advocacy Networks

networks that provide opportunities for cooperation and collaboration for people across borders to channel their influence in the international arena

Millennium Development Goals

eight goals adopted by the UN to address inequity in the international system, with the objective of improving people’s lives globally by 2015