radiology and nuclear medicine

cholangiography

X-ray imaging after injection of contrast into bile

Digital subtraction angiography (DSA)

X-ray image of contrast injected blood vessels is produced by taking two x-ray pictures one without contrast and one with and then using a computer to subtract obscuring shadows from the second image

Myelography

X-ray imaging of the spinal cord

Pyelography

X-ray imaging of the renal pelvis and urinary tract

CT

Computed tomography

Diagnostic x-ray procedure, whereby a cross-sectional image of a specific body segment is produced new RCT scanners create 3-D images

Contrast studies

Radio, opaque materials are injected to obtain contrast between tissues that would be indistinguishable from one another

Gamma camera

Machine to detect camera is admitted from radio pharmaceuticals during scanning for diagnostic purposes

Gamma rays

High energy raise emitted by radioactive substances used in tracer studies

Interventional radiology

Therapeutic or diagnostic procedures performed by a radiologist. Examples are needle biopsy of a mass and drainage of an abscess typically under the guidance of CT ultrasound or fluoroscopy

In vitro

Process test or procedure is performed, measured or observed outside a living organism often in a test tube

In VIVO

Process test or procedures performed, measured or observed within a living organism

Ionization

Transformation of electrically, neutral substances into electrically charged particles x-rays, cause ionization of particles within tissues

MRI

Magnetic resonance imaging

Magnetic field and radio waves produced Sagittal coronal and axial images of the body

PET

Positron emission tomography

Positron emitting radioactive substances given intravenously create a cross-sectional image of a cellular metabolism based on local concentration of radioactive substance

Gives information about metabolic activity

Radioimmunoassay

Test, combines radioactive chemicals, and antibodies to detect minute quantities of substances in a patient’s blood

Radioisotope

Radioactive form of an element substance; radionuclide

Radiolabeled compound

Radiopharmaceutical; used in nuclear medicine studies

Radionuclide

Radioactive form of an element that gives up energy in the form of radiation; radioisotope

Radiopharmaceutical

Radioactive drug that is administered safely for diagnostic and therapeutic purposes; radiotracer

Scintigraphy

Diagnostic nuclear medicine test, using radiopharmaceuticals, and gamma cameras to create images

SPECT

Single photon emission computed tomography

Radioactive tracer is injected intravenously, and a computer reconstruct a 3-D image based on a composite of many views

Tagging

Attaching a radionuclide to a chemical and following its path in the body

Tracer studies

Radio nucleotides are used as tags or labels attached to chemicals and followed as they travel through the body

Ultrasound transducer

Handheld device that sends and receives ultrasound signals

Uptake

Rate of absorption of a radionuclide into a organ or tissue

V/Q scan

Ventilation perfusion study

Consist of two scans a ventilation scab performed using an inhaled radio pharmaceutical and a perfusion scan using a intravenously injected radio pharmaceutical

Used to evaluate for pulmonary embolism

Is/o

Same

Vitr/o

Glass

Viv/o

Life

-gram

Record

-graphy

Process of recording

-lucent

To shine

-opaque

Obscure