Pregnancy Discrimination and Employment Law

Flashcards covering key terms and concepts related to pregnancy discrimination in employment law.

Gedulig v. Aiello

A 1974 constitutional case involving the 14th amendment Equal Protection Clause and 5th amendment Due Process Clause.

General Electric Co. v. Gilbert

A 1976 case that examined the exclusion of pregnancy from employee health coverage.

Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964

A federal law that prohibits employment discrimination based on race, color, religion, sex, or national origin.

Pregnancy Discrimination Act (PDA) of 1978

Legislation that amended Title VII to prohibit discrimination based on pregnancy, childbirth, or related medical conditions.

Reasonable decision to exclude from coverage

Refers to the legal argument that it was acceptable to exclude pregnancy from health coverage under certain conditions.

Equal treatment

The principle that pregnant and non-pregnant workers should be treated the same in all employment-related matters.

Fetal protection policy

A policy that prevents a woman from working in certain jobs due to potential risks to the fetus, challenged in UAW v. Johnson Controls Inc. (1991).

Discrimination due to pregnancy

Unfair treatment in hiring, firing, job assignments, pay, or other employment terms based on pregnancy.

Voluntary condition

The argument that pregnancy is not considered a disease or disability, hence not entitled to the same protections.

'Because of sex' in Title VII

Includes discrimination based on pregnancy, childbirth, or related medical conditions.