history p1

is an imaging test that uses sound waves to make pictures of organs, tissues, and other structures inside your body. It allows your health care provider to see into your body without surgery.

Ultrasound

Latin word for sound

Sonus

Greek word for write

Graphien

Pulses of ultrasound are generated by the?

Transducer

Advantages of Ultrasound

may be easily moved into the surgical suite, emergency room, neonatal nursery, or intensive care unit More cost effective
More versatility – transvaginal, transrectal, transesophageal Minimal supplies

Human audible ranges

20- 20000 Hz

Cats audible ranges

100- 60,000 Hz

Dolhpins audible ranges

150,000 Hz

Dogs audible ranges

40,000 Hz

Batz audible ranges

1,000 - 100,000 Hz

Elephants audible sounds

0.1 - 25 Hz

Who discovered Ultrasound??

Lazzaro Spallanzani

The first paper about ultrasound was published in?

1794

What did lazzaro spallanzani study to discover echolocation

Bats

Who discovered This principle is today known as the Doppler effect.

Christian Doppler

When did Christian Doppler
discover that the frequency of a sound wave depends on the speed of the source

1842

this idea was applied to sound waves in an experiment performed by Dutch mathematician C. H. D. Buys Ballot (1817–1890), who used a train station and horn players on a train as a source of sound to explain how sound from a moving source changes as it is heard by an observer

1845

Important improvements in Doppler imaging occurred in the`

1970

When did pierre curie and his brother jacques curie demonstrated the first piezoelectric effect?

1880

is the ability of certain materials to generate an electric charge in response to applied mechanical stress. The word Piezoelectric is derived from the Greek piezein, which means to squeeze or press, and piezo

Piezoelectric effect

The first working sonar system in the United States was built to detect icebergs by Reginald Fessenden in This was followed by the detection of submarines in and the detection of aircraft in

1914, 1917, 1935

As submarine technology continued to advance during World War I, the field of US was quickly taking form. Using the dual nature of piezoelectricity, Paul Langevin (1872–1946), a French physicist, created a quartz-based transmitter receiver of high-frequency sound waves called the

Hydrophone

The use of ultrasound in medicine was first evaluated in 1942 by?

Karl Theodore Dussik to diagnose brain tumours

when did George Döring Ludwig, used ultrasound to detect gallstones

1949

Who incorporated ultrasound into OB/GYN field of medicine

Dr. Ian Donald

began his career studying the effects of ultrasound and microwave vibration on wooden boards, before shifting his interest to the medical applications of ultrasound. Interested in cardiac wall motion, Satomura showed that Doppler signals could be obtained from the beat of the heart and from valve movement by using a 3-MHz transducer with a frequency spectrogram output

Shigeo Satomura

developed 3D ultrasound technology and captured three-dimensional images of a fetus

Kazunori Baba

Introduced lung and general sonography in intensive care units

Daniel Lichtenstein

Component that generates ultra sound pulses

Transducer

Origin of echoes in ultrasound imaging

Organ boundaries and within tissues

Component that detefcts retuning echoes

Transducer

Final product of echo processing

Ultra sound image

Greek word for piezo

Push

What did pierre and jacques curie to generate an electric charge in response to mechanical stress using?

crystals of tourmaline, quartz, topaz, cane sugar, and Rochelle salt.

Used ultrasound to detect gallstones

George Doring Ludwig

Were the leading pioneers of B-mode ultrasound equipment

Douglas Howry and joseph Holmes

Whoe Invented a handheld B-mode device to detect breast tumours

John reid and john wild

When did howyr started working on the somascope

1954

As submarine technology continued to advance

during World War I, the field of US was quickly taking

form. Using the ?

Dual nature of piezoelectricity

began investigating US as a noninvasive alternative .

Using a borrowed reflectoscope, which was designed for

nondestructive materials testing,

Inge edler(1911-2001), Carl hellmuth Hertz (1920-1990)

they began characterizing heart anatomy, measuring cardiac

free wall and septal thickness, and establishing the visibility of the

muscle-fluid interface .

Inge edler(1911-2001), Carl hellmuth Hertz (1920-1990)

was a recording

technique designed to image the

actively moving cardiac structures over

time. As they filmed the oscilloscope

screen at constant speed, straight lines

represented echoes returning from

nonmoving structures, and modulations

of line position corresponded to echoes

returning from moving structures .

Inge edler(1911-2001), Carl hellmuth Hertz (1920-1990)

as used in clinical

medicine has not been associated with any

harmful biologic effects and is generally

accepted as a safe modality

It uses non-ionizing, high-frequency sound

waves to generate an image of a particular

structure in the body

Diagnostic ultrasound

Ultrasound technology never stopped improving and

today ultrasound images can be obtained not only with

laptop ultrasound scanners but also with wireless probes

and mobile phones.

Mobile Sonography