OP Summer Psychology - Lecture 3

Fundamental attribution

When analyzing others’ behavior, you overestimate the influence of personal traits and underestimate the effects of the situation

Example: When a professor gives out an exam and you see your classmates’ score, you think the person isn’t smart but not the situation of their life

Foot in the door phenomenon

involves compliance with a large request after having agreed to a small request

Example: Asking parents for $5 → a hang out with my friends → a shopping spree

Cognitive Dissonance Theory

attitudes do not fit with actions

Developmental Psychology

the study of continuity and change across the life span

→ infancy

→ childhood

→ adolescence 

→ adulthood

Schemas

models the way the world works

Assimilation

the way which infants apply their schemas in novel situations

Accommodation

process by which infants change their schemas in light of new information

Object permanence

idea that an object still exists even if they are covered

Deferred Imitation

able to imitate something later in time

Lev Vygotsky (1896-1934)

Believes that cognition is dependent on interactions of members of their own culture; emphasis on environment and ability to learn from others

Harlow, Attachment, Baby Monkeys

Harlow’s monkeys preferred comfort and warmth from the soft cloth mother than the wire mother even though the wire mother associated with food