Joints and Synovial Joints in the Skeletal System

These flashcards cover essential vocabulary and concepts related to the skeletal system and joints as outlined in the lecture notes.

Articulate

Where two bones join to form a joint.

Synovial Joints

Joints that are joined by ligaments and separated by a joint cavity.

Diarthrodial

A type of synovial joint that allows free movement, categorized into six types: gliding, hinge, pivot, ellipsoidal, saddle, and ball & socket.

Articular Cartilage

A thin layer of cartilage covering the ends of bones in a joint that reduces friction and increases stability.

Synovial Fluid

A viscous fluid similar to egg white that lubricates joints and nourishes articular cartilage.

Fibrous Joints

Joints joined by fibrous connective tissue, examples include sutures and syndesmoses.

Cartilaginous Joints

Joints joined by cartilaginous tissue, such as synchondroses.

Hinge Joints

A type of synovial joint that allows rotation in one plane; examples include the humeroulnar joint.

Ball and Socket Joints

Joints that allow rotation in three planes; examples include the glenohumeral and hip joints.

Flexibility of Joints

The range of motion in the planes where the joint is designed to move.

Stability of Synovial Joints

The resistance of a joint to unwanted movement, determined by bone fit and muscle forces.

Biaxial Joints

Joints that allow movement in two planes, examples include ellipsoidal and saddle joints.

Uniaxial Joints

Joints that allow movement in one plane; examples include hinge and pivot joints.

Triaxial Joints

Joints that allow movement in three planes; another name for ball and socket joints.