Complete Skeletal Muscles (Axial & Appendicular)

Pectoralis Major action

As a whole - flexes/adducts/medially rotates shoulder.

Pectoralis Major origin

clavicle/sternum/costal cartilage of true ribs

Pectoralis Major Insertion

Greater tubercle of humerus

Latissimus Dorsi action

Extend/adducts/medially rotates shoulder

Latissimus Dorsi origin

spinous processes of lower thoracic, lumbar & sacrum

Latissimus Dorsi Insertion

Intertubercular groove of humerus

Trapezius action

superior portion - rotate scapula upward, middle portion - adduct scapula, inferior portion - depress scapula. Together - stabilize scapula

Trapezius orgin

occipital bone/spinous processes of c7-t12 (mostly thoracic vertebrae)

Trapezius insertion

Clavicle/scapula (acromion and spine)

Thoarx Muscles

Pectoralis Major, Latissimus Dorsi, & Trapezius

Deltoid action

lateral fibers - abduct humerus, anterior fibers - flex and medially rotate humerus, posterior fibers - etend and laterally rotate humerus

Deltoid origin

clavicle/scapula (acromion and spine)

Deltoid insertion

Deltoid tuberosity of Humerus

Supraspinatus action

Part of Rotator cuff - assists Deltoid in abduction of shoulder

Supraspinatus origin

Supraspinous fossa of scapula

Spraspinatus insertion

Greater tubercle of humerus

Infraspinatus action

Part of rotator cuff - rotates shoulder laterally

Infraspinatus origin

Infraspinous fossa of scapula

Infraspinatus insertion

Greater Tubercle of humerus - same as supraspinatus

Teres Minor action

part of rotator cuff - rotates/extends shoulder laterally, adduction.

Teres Minor origin

Lateral border of scapula

Teres Minor insertion

Greater Tubercle of Humerus - same as Infraspinatus & Supraspinatus

Subscapularis action

medially rotates shoulder - part of rotator cuff

Subscapularis origin

subscapular fossa of scapula

Subscapularis insertion

Lesser tubercle of humerus

Teres Major action

Exteneds shoulder and assists in adduction/medial rotation

Teres Major origin

Inferior angle of scapula

Teres Major insertion

Intertubercular groove of humerus

Shoulder muscles

Deltoid, Supraspinatus, Infraspinatus, Teres Minor, Subscapularis & Teres Major

Rotator Cuff Muscles

Supraspinatus, Infraspinatus, Teres Minor & Subscapularis

Biceps Brachii Long Head Action

Flexes elbow / flexes shoulder / supinates forearm

Biceps Brachii Long Head origin

Scapula

Biceps Brachii Long Head insertion

Radial tuberosity of radius

Biceps Brachii Short Head action

Flexes elbow / flexes shoulder / supinates forearm

Biceps Brachii Short Head

Coracoid process of scapula

Biceps Brachii Short Head insertion

Radial tuberosity of radius

Brachialis action

flexes elbow

Brachialis origin

Humerus

Brachialis insertion

Ulnar tuberosity

Triceps Brachii - Long Head action

extend elbow and shoulder, adduction of shoulder

Triceps Brachii - Long Head origin

scapula

Triceps Brachii - Long Head insertion

Olecranon process of ulna

Triceps Brachii - Lateral Head action

extend elbow

Triceps Brachii - Lateral Head origin

Humerus

Triceps Brachii - Lateral Head insertion

Olecranon process of ulna

Triceps Brachii - Medial Head action

Extend elbow

Triceps Brachii - Medial Head origin

Humerus

Triceps Brachii - Medial Head insertion

Olecranon process of ulna

Upper Arm Muscles

Biceps Brachii Long Head, Biceps Brachii Short Head, Brachialis, Triceps Brachii - Long Head, Triceps Brachii - Medial Head, & Triceps Brachii - Lateral Head.

Brachioradialis action

Flexes arm at elbbow. Brings arm to mid-prone position

Brachioradialis origin

humerus

Brachioradialis insertion

Base of styloid process of radius

Pronator Teres action

pronates forearm & flexes elbow

Pronator Teres origin

medial epicondyle of humerus/ulna

Pronator Teres insertion

Radius

Palmaris Longus action

Weakly flexes wrist

Palmaris Longus origin

Medial epicondule of humerus

Palmaris Longus insertion

Palmar aponeurosis (fascia in center of palm)

Flexor Carpi Radialis action

flexes & abducts wrist in the radial direction

Flexor Carpi Radialis origin

medial epicondyle of humerus

Flexor Carpi Radialis insertion

metacarpals 2 & 3

Flexor Carpi Ulnaris action

Flexes & abducts wrist in the ulnar direction

Flexor Carpi Ulnaris origin

Medial epicondyle of humerus

Flexor Carpi Ulnaris insertion

pisiform, hamate, & metacarpal 5

Superficial, anterior forearm muscles

Brachioradialis, Pronator Teres, Palmaris Longus, Flexor Carpi Radialis, & Flexor Carpi Ulnaris

Extensor Digitorum action

Extends distal and middle phalanges (interphalangeal, metacarpophalangeal joints) and extends wrist

Extensor Digitorum origin

Lateral epicondyle of humerus

Extensor Digitorum insertion

Distal & middle phalanges of each finger

Superficial, posterior, forearm muscles

Extensor Digitorum

Supinator action

supinates forearm

Supinator origin

lateral epicondyle of humerus

Supinator insertion

radius

Deep, posterior, forearm muscles

Supinator

Iliopsoas group

Psoas major, minor & iliacus

Psoas Major action

flexion of the thigh/trunk, lateral rotation of the thigh, lateral flexion of the trunk

Psoas Major origin

Transverse processes and bodies of lumbar vertebrae

Psoas Major insertion

With iliacus to lesser trochanter of femur

Iliacus action

thigh/trunk flexion

Iliacus origin

iliac fossa of ilium/sacrum

Iliacus insertion

With Psoas Major to lesser trochanter of femur

Gluteus Maximus action

Extend hip/laterally rotates hip

Gluteus Maximus origin

iliac crest of ilium/sacrum/coccyx

Gluteus Maximus insertion

IT band/ gluteal tuberosity of femur

Tensor Fascia Latae action

flexes/abducts hip

Tensor Fascia Latae origin

Iliac crest of ilium

Tensor Fascia Latae insertion

TIbia via IT band

Muscles of Pelvic Region

Iliopsoas group, Gluteus Maximus, Tensor Fascia Latae

Gracilis action

Adducts hip/ medially rotates and flexes knee

Gracilis origin

Pubic Bone

Gracilis insertion

Medial shaft of tibia

Adductor Magnus action

Adducts hip/ superior portion - flexes hip/ inferior portion extends hip

Adductor Magnus origin

pubic bone

Adductor Magnus insertion

linea aspera of femur

Adductor Longus action

Adduction / flexion / medial rotation of hip

Adductor Longus origin

pubic bone

Adductor Longus insertion

Linea aspera of femur

Adductor Brevis action

adduction / flexion of hip

Adductor Brevis origin

pubic bone

Adductor Brevis insertion

linea aspera of femur

medial thigh muscles

Gracilis, Adductor Magnus, Adductor Longus, & Adductor Brevis