Ionic and Molecular Compounds

These flashcards cover key concepts related to ionic, polar, and nonpolar compounds, including their properties, behaviors, and examples.

Ionic Compounds

Compounds that have very high melting and boiling points, are solids at room temperature, and are soluble in water.

Melting and Boiling Points of Ionic Compounds

Involve weakening and breaking of intramolecular forces.

Conductivity of Ionic Compounds

Conduct electricity when molten or dissolved in water, making them electrolytic.

Crystal Lattice

The arrangement of alternating positively and negatively charged particles in ionic compounds.

Formula Unit

The individual particle of an ionic compound.

Example of Ionic Compound

Sodium chloride (NaCl).

Polar Molecules

Molecules with intermediate melting and boiling points that are often soluble in water but are nonelectrolytic.

Viscosity of Polar Molecules

Higher viscosity than ionic compounds and nonpolar molecules.

Intermolecular Forces in Polar Molecules

Involves dipole-dipole attractions and hydrogen bonding.

Example of Polar Molecule

Water (H₂O).

Nonpolar Molecules

Molecules with lower melting and boiling points that are insoluble in water and nonelectrolytic.

London Dispersion Forces

The only type of intermolecular force experienced by nonpolar molecules.

Example of Nonpolar Molecule

Diatomic oxygen (O₂).

Solubility of Nonpolar Molecules

Insoluble in water and do not conduct electricity.