American History: Lecture Quizzes (Unit 1 & 2)

Philippines

. Country in the Pacific which the US acquired as a result of their victory in the Spanish American War. The US would spend over two years subduing the rebels (many more war casualties here than in the actual declared war) fighting for their independence which would not be grant until 1946.

Roosevelt's Corollary

The document Teddy Roosevelt adopted to amend the Monroe Doctrine, declaring in 1904 that the US might resort to using "international police power" to insure cooperation from Latin American countries.

Russian Revolution

This event occurring in March of 1917 would convince many that the allied powers were now on the side of democracy (Hint: no more

CPI

Organization created to sell the American people on the Great War by disseminating propaganda about the Germans and withholding news about the War effort.

Sedition Act

Act by Congress which made it illegal to speak against the War. Thousands of Americans would be arrested under these provisions including members of such groups as labor and socialists.

League of Nations

What President Wilson wanted more than anything from the peace conference after the Great War and was willing to compromise on reparations and self-determination in order to get it from Clemenceau and Lord George.

Versailles Conference

Name of peace conference held in France after the Great War in 1919

Jingoism

Attitude of boastful patriotism, where one favors an aggressive, threatening warlike foreign policy.

Pancho Villa

Guerrilla leader of a peasant army in Mexico. He killed American citizens and threatened the American border. President Wilson would send 6,000 troops into Mexico who would spend a year unsuccessfully pursuing him

John Pershing

American General who chased after Pancho Villa, and would later command the American forces in Europe during World War I.

Archduke Ferdinand

Leader of Austria who was assassinated in Sarajevo in June of 1914. This was the "spark" that started the Great War

Allies

Side in World War I which had the advantage of control of the seas ("awesome navy") and access to raw materials from its colonies.

Lusitania

British luxury liner which was sunk by a German submarine in May of 1915 killing over 1,000 people including over 100 Americans.

Zimmerman Telegram

Document intended for the Mexican government whose interception by British intelligence would affect public opinion in America, because now the isolationists could not claim that his war only concerned Europe

Spanish-American War

War called by Secretary of State John Hay, "a splendid little war".

Eugene Debs

Leader of Socialist Party who ran for the presidency five times, once in prison as he was arrested and convicted of violating the Espionage Act

Fourteen Points

Title of Wilson's plan for the peace after the war based on principles of international law and international cooperation.

Yellow Journalism

Term given to the type of reporting by such editors as Hearst and Pulitzer when dealing with the Cuban Revolution

Boxer Rebellion

A revolt in China in 1900, where "foreign devils" were attacked and killed. This helped bolster the US claim of a needed "open door".

Ethiopia

Country attacked by Mussolini in 1935 and because the League of Nations was unable to bring peace, the League's last shred of credibility died.

Neville Chamberlain

Prime Minister of Great Britain who traveled to Munich in September of 1938 and agreed to Hitler's demand in Austria and the Sudetenland. His actions are known as the "policy of appeasement".

Fascism

System of government characterized by rigid one-party dictatorship, forcible suppression of opposition, private economic enterprise under centralized government control, belligerent nationalism, racism and militarism.

Adolf Hitler

Dictator of Germany whose Mein Kampf was a long-winded exposition of Nazi philosophy and objectives.

Joseph Stalin

The Communist leader of the Soviet Union during World War II. He instituted mass purges which resulted in at least 8 million people being arrested and millions never returned from prisons and forced labor camps. For a short time referred to as "Uncle Joe".

Vladimir Lenin

Head of the Bolsheviks, who after assistance from the Germans in returning to Russia in 1917, seized control of the Russian Government in November 1917 in a ruthless coup d'etat.

Benito Mussolini

Fascist leader of Italy from the 1920s through the middle of WWII.

Franklin D. Roosevelt

President of the United States through all but the last few months of WWII

Alsace- Lorraine

Territory that was ceded to France as part of the Versailles Treaty, which led to much resentment on behalf of most Germans.

Sudetenland

Name of western part of Czechoslovakia which Hitler would invade after taking Austria and led to the calling of the Munich Conference.

Poland

Country attacked by Germany in 1939, which provoked both France and Great Britain to declare war on Germany, thus starting WWII.

Winston Churchill

British Prime Minister who came to power on May 10, 1940 and replied to Hitler's demand to surrender by saying , "We shall fight on the beaches, in the fields in the streets, in the hills, We shall never, never surrender."

Nonaggression Pact

Name of agreement that shocked the world when Stalin and Hitler agreed to do this in 1939.

Luftwaffe

Name of German Air Force.

Blitzkrieg

German word for Hitler's armies using planes, tanks and trucks in a "lightening war".

Neutrality Acts

Name of collective acts of Congress from 1935-1938 whose purpose was to legislate out of existence all the factors that had led the US into WWI

Lend-Lease

Policy of economic aid given first to Great Britain and then the USSR during WWII. FDR would argue that doing this would be like lending a hose to our neighbor if his house was on fire.

December 7, 1941

Date of the Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor

Dwight D. Eisenhower

General who would be the Allied Supreme Commander in Europe during WWII.

Douglas MacArthur

Supreme Commander of Allied forces in the Pacific during WWII.

Big Three

Name given to Churchill, Stalin and FDR during WWII.

June 6, 1944 (D-Day)

Day of the invasion of the mainland of Europe (D-Day) where the allied powers after fierce fighting would then begin their drive into Germany.

Korematsu v. US

Supreme Court case where the Supreme Court upheld FDR's executive order to send Japanese-Americans to internment camps during the war.

Holocaust

The systematic destruction of over six million Jews by the Nazis before and during WWII.

Yalta Conference

Last conference of the "Big Three" that took place in March of 1945. Here Stalin argued for a divided Germany and stated his opposition to free elections in eastern Europe.

Teddy Roosevelt

President from 1901-1909.

Woodrow Wilson

President from 1913-1921.

William McKinley

President from 1897-1901.

William Taft

President from 1909-1913.

Franklin D. Roosevelt

President from 1933-1945

1929-1933

Herbert Hoover (dates)

Republican

Herbert Hoover (party)

Herbert Hoover

1969-1974

Richard Nixon (dates)

Republican

Richard Nixon (party)

Richard Nixon

1901-1909

Theodore Roosevelt (dates)

Republican

Theodore Roosevelt (party)

Theodore Roosevelt

2001-2009

George W. Bush- the younger (dates)

Republican

George W. Bush- the younger (party)

George W. Bush- the younger

1981-1989

Ronald Reagan (party)

Republican

Ronald Reagan (party)

Ronald Reagan

1933-1945

Franklin D. Roosevelt (dates)

Democratic

Franklin D. Roosevelt (party)

Franklin D. Roosevelt

1913-1921

Woodrow Wilson (dates)

Democratic

Woodrow Wilson (party)

Woodrow Wilson

1953-1961

Dwight D. Eisenhower (dates)

Republican

Dwight D. Eisenhower (party)

Dwight D. Eisenhower

1961-1963

John F. Kennedy (dates)

Democratic

John F. Kennedy (party)

John F. Kennedy

1977-1981

Jimmy Carter (dates)

Democratic

Jimmy Carter (party)

Jimmy Carter

1945-1953

Harry S. Truman (dates)

Democratic

Harry S. Truman (party)

Harry S. Truman

1993-2001

Bill Clinton (dates)

Democratic

Bill Clinton (party)

Bill Clinton

1921-1923

Warren G. Harding (dates)

Republican

Warren G. Harding (party)

Warren G. Harding

1909-1913

William Howard Taft (dates)

Republican

William Howard Taft (party)

William Howard Taft

1989-1993

George H. W. Bush- the elder (dates)

Republican

George H. W. Bush- the elder (party)

George H. W. Bush- the elder

Potsdam

Conference held summer after VE day, with Truman replacing FDR, and Attlee replacing Churchill, they met with Stalin to plan for the peace after the war. Major disagreement erupted between Truman and Stalin over post war plans for Germany and Eastern Europe.

Hiroshima

Site of the dropping of the first atomic bomb on August 6, 1945.

Mao Zedung

Leader of communist in China who won their civil war in 1949.

NATO

Military agreement or alliance between the United States and the western European nations to come to the aid of each other is a conflict with the Soviet Union occurred.

Policy of Containment

. Foreign policy promoted by George Kennan, which stated that the US should keep communism from spreading beyond its existing borders. Would be the "bible" of foreign policy from 1947 until 1991.

38th Parallel

Where Korea was and is divide