History - VIETNAM
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21 Terms
What was the Domino Theory? What was its influence of US Policy?
The belief that if one nation became communist, neighbouring nations would follow. It encouraged intervention to contain communism.
Why was Vietnam a civil war?
North and South Vietnam fought over the country’s future government
What is a proxy war? How was Vietnam a proxy war?
A conflict where major powers support opposing sides without fighting directly. Vietnam was a proxy war since the USSR and China backed the North while the USA supported the South.
What was the Gulf of Tonkin incident?
An alleged attack on US ships that led to increased American involvement.
What was Operation Rolling Thunder?
A sustained US bombing campaign against North Vietnam.
What is the guerrilla warfare?
Hit-and-run tactics used by small, mobile forces.
Who were the Viet Cong?
Communist guerrilla fighters operating in South Vietnam
Why was Tet important?
It demonstrated that the communists remained a strong fighting force.
What happened at My Lai?
US soldiers killed hundred of Vietnameses civillians.
How did My Lai damage America?
It weakened US moral authority and public support for the war.
What were Napalm and Agent Orange?
Chemical weapons used to destroy vegetation and enemy positions. They were used to destroy the supplies of the Viet Cong and North Vietnamese armies.
Why did the USA and Australia leave?
The war was costly, unpopular and appeared unwinnable.
How did media coverage influence opinion?
Graphic reporting increased public opposition to the war.
How did Castro contribute to the crisis?
His communist government aligned Cuba with the USSR
What was the Bay of Pigs invasion?
A failed US-based attempt to overthrow Castro in 1961.
Why did the USSR support Castro
To spread communism and challenge US influence
Why did attitudes change after the crisis
The world came close to a nuclear war
What was the NPT?
An agreement at limiting the spread of nuclear weapons
What was the Hotline?
A direct communication link between Washington and Moscow to discreetly discuss urgent messages.
What is détente?
A period of improved relations between the USA and USSR
Why did the crisis encourage détente?
Both sides wanted to reduce the risk of nuclear confrontation